Study Of The Problems And Countermeasures Of Phonics In The Vocabulary Teaching Of Primary School

Phonics first appear in western countries,It mainly teaches students the correspondence rules between letters,letter combinations and their pronunciation,so as to achieve the purpose of “reading words after seeing them and writing words after hearing them".In recent years,phonics has attracted the attention of domestic scholars.A large number of scholars have proved the feasibility and effectiveness of phonics in English vocabulary teaching.However,the application effect of phonics in practical vocabulary teaching is not ideal.This study hopes to find out the problems existing in the actual teaching of phonics and find corresponding countermeasures to improve the application of phonics,in the hope that the phonics can be more widely used in English vocabulary teaching.This paper basing on sorting out and analyzing the related researches on phonics,then the author going deep into the actual teaching situation of phonics,studying the problems of phonics' application in English vocabulary teaching,the causes and optimization strategies.This study selects M school,a public school in Z city that systematically teaches phonics,as the research object.The teaching of phonics in M school is systematic and regular,which is conducive to classroom observation and the discovery of problems and causes in the teaching process of phonics.The author went deep into the actual teaching situation of phonics in M school,observed the classroom of phonics,meanwhile interview the teaching teacher with interview questionaiers,so as to find the shortcomings of phonics in every link of teaching.Through the investigation,it is found that there are the following problems existing in the teaching process of lead-in,knowledge presentation and explanation,consolidation exercises and homework.Lead-in: The lead-in method is single and lack of interest;The content of leading-in lacks connection and relevance with the following teaching content.Knowledge presentation and explanation: The difficulty of knowledge presentation and explanation far beyond students' language level,which reduces students' learning enthusiasm;The way that teacher present and explain knowledge is single,makes students lack learning interest.Consolidation exercises: Students' emotional factors are ignored,which leads to their lack of enthusiasm;Lack of variety in the form of consolidation,thus weakens students' interest in learning;Not enough practice,not enough output.Homework: Homework design is traditional and single,lack of fun;Homework lacks relevance and ignores the connection between the previous and the following contents.There are two reasons for the above problems: subjective reason and objective reason.Subjective factors include teachers and students.The teachers' aspect mainly include: Teaching methods lack flexibility;Lack of understanding of students;Teaching design lacks relevance.The students' aspect mainly includes: Students lack learning motivation and initiative;Students have short attention span;Students do not understand the rules of memory.While the objective reality reason include: Lack of language learning environment;Phonics rules are numerous and miscellaneous;The class quantity is insufficient and does not have the specialized teaching material.Combined with the above problems and reasons,this study attempts to put forward targeted optimization measures from the three aspects of teachers,students,school and institutions.Teachers' aspect: Adopt flexible phonics teaching method;A thorough understanding of students,implement individualized teaching in the teaching of phonics;Systematically sort out the teaching content of phonics and grasp the relevance of the content before teaching and after teaching.Students' aspect: Fully understand the phonics,stimulate learning motivation and learning initiative;Using phonics class to cultivate attention;Understand the rules of memory and improve learning efficiency.The school and teaching institution aspect: Create phonics learning situation,increase students' language input and output amount;Strengthen the construction of phonics course system.