Research On Orientation Words "Qian","Hou","Qianhou" With Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

"qian" and "hou" are widely used locative words.Because of its various meanings and usages,especially the differences with students' native language,it has become difficulty in Chinese teaching.The content design of the locative words"qian" and "hou" in Chinese textbooks is not comprehensive and reasonable.The knowledge of "qian","hou" and "qianhou" in the primary textbooks is scattered and not systematic.The intermediate and advanced textbooks do not explain "qian" "hou"and "qianhou".They do not expand knowledge on the primary textbooks.Based on this,the thesis studies the commonly used meanings of "qian" and "hou",including temporal and spatial meanings.And based on the HSK dynamic composition corpus,this thesis collects and classifies errors,then find out the reasons.Finally,this thesis draws on the advantages of each textbook and puts forward teaching suggestions and gives teaching plans.This is the main content of Chapter four,Section three.It is also one of the innovations of this thesis.The meanings of "qian" "hou" and "qianhou" have spatial and temporal meaning.Chapters two and three mainly explain their meanings.This thesis does not end here.This thesis explores how spatial meaning is expressed,how spatial meaning extend from person to thing and how spatial meaning derives to temporal meaning.The imagery theory provides a "scaffolding" for teaching.It is reflected in the design of the lesson plan in Chapter five,which embodies the importance of the iconography to the teaching.It not only helps students understand words,but also builds awareness of Chinese thinking.It also provokes students' thinking and gives teaching fun.Error analysis is the key point of this thesis.The errors of "qian" "hou" and"qianhou" are varied.There are five kinds of errors,including the four types of errors proposed by Mr.Lu Jianji and writing errors.Because the corpus directly displays the paper,and the writing errors in the paper are diverse and regular,so the writing is included in the analysis.It studies the reasons not only from the perspective of students,but also from the perspective of teachers,teaching materials,and teaching environments.The diversity of meanings and types of errors of "qian" "hou" and "qianhou"indicate their importance in textbooks' design and teaching.Due to stages of student learning,diversity of native language,difficulties and easy points of "qian" and "hou",it is pointed out that teaching should be done step by step.Based on this principle,the thesis proposes four teaching suggestions:identify the difficulty of knowledge,knowledge teaching from easy to difficult,difficulties in teaching knowledge separately,deepen and expand knowledge.Finally,this thesis draws on the advantages of teaching materials and gives the design of lesson plans.