A Study On Ethnic Fusion In Northern Shaanxi During The Tang And Song Dynasties As Seen In The Epitaph

Northern shaanxi has been inhabited by many ethnic groups since the qin and han dynasties.During the qin and han dynasties,there were han,The huns and qiuci.During the wei and jin dynasties,there were han,huns,xianbei and qihu ethnic groups.In the tang and song dynasties,han,turkic,Iron,tuyuhun,dang and other ethnic groups lived in concentrated communities,and even Sogdia,Tocharians,Tibet and other ethnic groups in the western regions moved in,forming a historical phenomenon of multi-ethnic mixing.Based on the unearthed epitaphs of the tang and song dynasties in northern shaanxi,this paper attempts to explore the phenomenon of multi-ethnic integration in northern shaanxi at that time by combining the historical records.This paper is divided into six parts.The first chapter is the introduction,which discusses the reason for selecting the topic,the research status,the research method and the innovation.According to the investigation,the total number of epitaphs discovered in northern shaanxi is 121.Most of these epitaph documents were only published in the form of a single epitaph,and some were published in the form of illustrations.Some of them have been examined and interpreted,some have been studied comprehensively by relevant scholars,but they have not been comprehensively analyzed and discussed.There are 37 epitaph documents with clear ethnic information,which are rich in information and can be mutually verified with the handed down documents,thus having a high historical value.The second chapter is the background narration,which mainly discusses the establishment of prefectures and counties and the ethnic changes in northern shaanxi during the tang and song dynasties.According to the actual situation of prefectures and counties,this paper discusses them as four stages,and points out that xia,sui,Yin,yan,Lin,fu and other prefectures have more names based on the information of the burial places recorded in the unearthed epitaphs,which reflects that these regions were populated areas at that time.By combing the literature and combining the unearthed epitaphs,it is pointed out that during the tang and song dynasties,there were han,turkic,turkic,tuyuhun,dangxiang,Sogdia,Tibet and other ethnic groups living in northern shaanxi.Third chapter begin to enter the paper topic,mainly on the unearthed epitaph display name and family made a comb,points out that the han surnames and the family of the main reed {langya} the wang,taiyuan,wang,west gansu lee,qinghe zhang,han surnames and family are the tangut TaBaShi,xianbei beans have,only to lee,spitting fire ROM roche,millet,ho around him,and so on.Through analysis,this paper thinks that the unearthed epitaphs reflect that there are many surnames and families of non-han nationalities in northern shaanxi during the tang and song dynasties.However,after several generations of development,these non-han groups have gradually strengthened their regional identity to northern shaanxi,which constitutes the necessary cultural basis for multi-ethnic integration.The fourth chapter is the main topic of this paper.Based on the status of in-laws reflected in epitaphs,this paper divides them into two categories: same-race marriage and inter-clan marriage.Consanguineous marriages usually indicate the aspirations and origins of the two families,while interracial marriages usually list official officials of both families.The two kinds of marriage conditions reflect the marriage concept of family origin and family status,which is consistent with the ideas of alliance,family advance and advance together,and family status,etc.,which are recorded in the handed down literature,thus reflecting the profound integration of various ethnic groups in the cultural concept of northern shaanxi in the tang and song dynasties.The fifth chapter is another topic of this paper,mainly summarizes the figure images reflected in the epitaph,pointing out that the figure images in the epitaph are relatively simple,most of the males are loyal,brave,filial,and righteous,while most of the females are sancongsi and si virtuous.This phenomenon may be the reflection of the real history of the master,or it may be the result of the epitaph writing paradigm or the spread of confucian culture.Especially for the surnames and families of non-han ethnic groups,they are willing to bury their epitaphs along with them,and recognize the false decoration of the image of the master by the author,which reflects the influence of the central plains culture on them to a certain extent.The last part is the conclusion,focusing on unearthed epitaphs,focusing on the ethnic exchanges and integration in northern shaanxi of the tang and song dynasties.This paper attempts to demonstrate the gradual convergence of the ethnic minorities and the han nationality in this period from the aspects of ethnic change and development,family name and family,marriage,and character image.It can be seen that ethnic integration is not only reflected in the long-term settlement,but also in the ideological aspects,such as the convergence of the concept of in-laws and the recognition of Confucian culture.In addition,the ways of ethnic integration include economy,language,faith,etc.This paper combines historical materials and epitaphs to reflect the ethnic integration in northern shaanxi during this period.