A Study On Founding Hainan Province In The Period Of The Republic Of China

During the period of the Republic of China,the activity of "Founding Hainan Province" ran through all the time,showing a trend of sustainable development.On the one hand,the proposition and practice of "Founding Hainan Province" stems from the increasing crisis in the modern frontier,especially in the South China Sea.The premise and basis of strengthening defense in the South China Sea is to improve Hainan's administrative position as the strategic frontier of defense in the South China Sea,make it give full play to the supporting role of national defense in the South China Sea;on the other hand,it stems from the promotion of modern China's provincial reform.To realize "Founding Hainan Province" has always been an important measure of "shrinking province" and "Abolishing province",it also an valuable attempt to improve the administrative system of the border areas.In 1912,Sun Zhong-shan first proposed the plan of "Founding Hainan Province" systematically,which led to the public opinion of "Founding Hainan Province" in the period of the Republic of China,and the activity of founding the province was thus initiated.After the founding of the Nanjing National Government,Hainan had four opportunities to found the province: the first was in 1929,when the "QiongYa reform project" was submitted to the central political conference of the Kuomintang for discussion and voting;the second was in1931,when Sun Ke and others proposed that the "QiongYa reform project" should be approved by the State Council of the Guangzhou National Government and implemented by resolution;the third was in 1937,when the National Economic Commission proposed that QiongYa be designated as a special zone;the fourth was in 1945,the matter of "Founding Hainan Province" was approved twice by Jiang Zhong-zheng,submitted to the central design bureau for discussion,and paid to the Executive Yuan for handling.At the same time,the public opinion of founding the province formed a wide and in-depth social discussion.However,the four opportunities either resulted from the factional interest struggle within the Kuomintang,or from the neglect of the authorities,or from the changes in the situation at home and abroad,which were fleeting,and ultimately led to the failure of founding the province.Although "Founding Hainan Province" in the period of the Republic of China was fruitless,the proposal and activities around founding the province were undoubtedly beneficial exploration for the national defense,political and economic status of Hainan,deepened the social cognition of the South China Sea border area,and a powerful impetus to the historical process of "Founding Hainan Province".