Preliminary Study On The Land Reform In Dongguan Country Of Guangdong Province In The Early Days Of New China(1950-1953)

The founding of New China marked that the country has entered into the period of peacebuilding from the wartime,and at this time,China can be said to be devastated,the agriculture has shrunk sharply,and the economy is on the verge of collage,to restore the national economy,the Communist Party of China has carried out a series of the dilapidated initiatives in many various fields,of which the land reform is a very important part,and this part is indispensable to the Communist Party of China.Dongguan is located in the Pearl River Delta,belonging to the New Liberated Areas,liberated in 0ctober 1949,but before that,it was too many peopie with few land,the concentration of land is very high and the farmers are seriously exploited by landlords,not only that,because of the weak foundation of the revolution,the country’s reactionary force is very strong,which seriously affects the stability of society.and in accordance with the requirements of the higher authorities,from the November 1950 to the April 1953,country party committee and country goverment conducted a land reform campaign for more than two years in nine districts of country,(after that,it increased to 15 districts)there are three stages before and after land reform.First.preparatory stage of the land reform(from the Octomber 1949 to February 1952),the work at thisstage is mainly to surppress the counter-revolution and landlord bully,carrying out the reduction of rent and returning deposit,land reform pilot and so on,it has created favorable conditions for the comprehensive development of land reform,second.the large-scale development stage of the land reform(February 1952 to the December 1952),this is also the most important stage of land reform of Dongguan Country,during this period,it had carried out the in-depth anti-hegemory,the classified work,expropriation and confiscation of land owned by landlords and rich peasants,it changing the old land system and realizing the famer’s land ownership,and along with the indepth development of land reform,the land reform team has also experienced many problems(such as corruption,serious conflicts between the army cadres and local cadres),in view of this,the country party committee carried out the entire team work,properly sovled some of the problems in the team,and also reorganized and reformed the grassroots organizations.third.review stage of land reform(from the December 1952 to April 1953),this stage is a supplementary lesson after the land reform,the first point of this stage is to solve all the kinds of deviations in the process of the land reform,for example,correcting the components of mistaken plans.the second is to issue land certificates and confirm land rights.the issuance of land certificates means that farmer’sownership of the land is finally officially recognized by the state.While the land reform broken down the landlords,it also realized the redistribution of interests,famers acquired land and burst out their fervor for the production,it makes the Dongguan agriculture recover and develop in a short time,not only that the land reform brings the material changes,at the same time,it has aiso deeply influenced countryside in terms of the deology and organization,the coutryside is rapidly changing,due to the subjective and objective factors,there are also many deviation in this sports.such as,the sectarian struggle in countryside did not disappear immediately,with the change of the regime,it still happens from time to time,there are still many enemies in the vast rural areas,these become the problems that Dongguan Country must be dealt with seriously next.In addition,the land reform in Dongguan also reflects a certain regional color,such as public househoid,before the land reform,the land owned by the public occupies 35.19%of the total area,which is higher than of Qujiang and other counties.furthermore,although the number of the overseas chinese in Dongguan is small,it can not be ignored.during the period of the land reform,the country leaders follow the relevant regulations of the central and the provincial goverments,while actively protecting legitimate rights and theinterrests of overseas chinese from being damaged,they were brought into anti-feudal united front as an object of the unity,thus,ensuring the successful completion of land reform.