A Study On The Writing Method Of "Futifa" In Yuefu Poems From Qi Liang To Late Tang Dynasty

"Futifa" was an important way of creating Yuefu Poems.It had a relatively fixed writing mode,mainly created by Shen Yue,Xie Tiao and Wang Rong from QI and Liang Dynasty.This kind way of writing Yuefu Poems got fully developed between the Qi,Liang and the Tang Dynasty,becoming an important phenomenon in the history of medieval poetry.Based on the change of dynasties,this paper took four chapters to discuss the twists and turns of the "Futifa" in the creation of NiGu-Yuefu Poems from Qi,Liang to the late Tang Dynasty.The first chapter analyzed the emergence and the basic writing mode of "Futifa".Cao Wei,Jin,and Song Dynasty used the "Nipianfa" writing method to transform the titles of ancient Yuefu Poems and make new innovative meanings,gradually closed the relationship between poems' titles and connotation in a literary level.Based on this,the literati of Qi,Liang Dynasty moved forward in a more formalized state,where created the "Futifa" writing method with picturing the ancient titles as its purpose,and used it to write the songs of the advocacy,horizontal blowing,and harmony poems,forming a showy style of Yuefu poetry.The second chapter discussed the advancement of the "Futifa" in Chen and Sui Dynasty.On the one hand,some literati in Chen and Sui have shaped a more image-oriented and procedural writing method of "Futifa",expanding the range of the title-picturing from the first couplets to the second couplets,and even the last couplets,accumulating a large number of typical examples,which aggravated the degree of fragmentation between imageries and emotions.On the other hand,the combination of "Futifa" and Frontier Yuefu Poems has adopted a large number of solid and large images,which to a certain extent diluted the beautiful style of the Qi,Liang mode.The third chapter analyzed the affirmation and reformation of "Futifa" in the early and prosperous Tang Dynasty.At the beginning of the Tang Dynasty,the pursuit of respecting the ancients affirmed the ancient titles of Yuefu Poems,appearing a large number of songs which chanted the ancient titles of Yuefu Poems.But,Wu Jing criticized the phenomenon of taking meanings of the titles and advocated returning to the old meaning of Yuefu poems.Under this claim,Li Bai created the Yuefu Poems with ancient titles and combined the old meaning with new meaning,which transformed the creative mode of "Futifa" in practice.The fourth chapter discussed the two extreme phenomena of "Futifa" being rejected in the middle Tang Dynasty,and returning to the style of Qi,Liang in the late Tang Dynasty.On the one hand,the "Futifa" was rejected in many aspects by some poets such as Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi.On the other hand,there existed a large number of "Futifa" poems in advocacy,horizontal blowing,and harmony songs,which once again showed the return trend of "Futifa".Even more,based on the theme of eroticism,some poets created charming,subtle and delicate Yuefu Poems,finally returning to Qi,Liang's exquisite style of "Futifa".In a word,"Futifa" is an important way to create ancient Yuefu Poetry.From Qi,Liang to the late Tang Dynasty,the "Futifa" experienced a tortuous course of being affirmed,denied and reaffirmed,becoming an important part of the history of medieval poetry.