A Study Of Marked Passive Sentences In JinghuaYuan

Jinghuayuan is a famous chapter novel written by Li Ruzhen in Qing Dynasty.Through reading the full text,we have exhaustively studied the marked passive sentences in Jinghuayuan,and found that there are 354 marked passive sentences in Jinghuayuan,including 9 passive markers.These passive markers are in the order of frequency from high to low: “Bei” “Meng” “Wei” “Jiao” “Cheng” “Jian” “Shou” “Rang” and “Yu”.It can be seen that passive markers such as “Meng” “Jiao” “Cheng” “sou” and “Rang” are often used in spoken.according to the syntactic format of the passive sentences in Jinghuayuan,we can be divided into eight categories,of which the form of “passive marker + A + V” is the main one.The syntactic components are mainly analyzed from five parts: subject,object,predicate,adverbial and complement,showing that the number of subject omissions is more than object omissions,predicate verbs are mainly disyllabic,adverbial types are abundant,complement only appears in the “Bei” sentence.Pragmatic color mainly discusses the number of times marked passive sentences express unhappiness,pleasure and no emotion,and the reasons for their different pragmatic colors.In the marked passive sentences in Jinghuayuan,Pragmatic color is mainly unpleasant emotion,the pragmatic color is mostly influenced by verbs,complements,adverbials and objects,sometimes as a result of the joint influence of multiple components.In order to better highlight the characteristics of marked passive sentences in Jinghuayuan,we compare the passive markers in Jinghuayuan with those in ancient,medieval and modern books.It is found that there are more passive markers such as “Meng” “Shou” and “Rang” in Jinghuayuan than in the works of the same period,which shows that the colloquial style more obvious than that of other works of the same period,and at the same time,the passive markers such as “Yu” “Wei” and “Jian” which were produced in ancient times are retained and used.In this paper,the marked passive sentences in Jinghuayuan are studied in detail,and combining with the existing research results,Summarizes the criteria for judging marked passives,discovers and demonstrated that “Cheng” is a unique passive marker in Jinghuayuan.