Chang Geng's Research On Governing Frontier (1888-1909)

As one of the important figures active in the border areas of the late Qing Dynasty,Chang Geng was transferred to Xinjiang because of the frontier wars.In the recovery of the war in Xinjiang,he repeatedly made achievements.From then on,he moved to the governor of Shaanxi and Gansu and became the official of the Qing Dynasty.One of the ministers on the sidelines.From 1888 to 1909,Chang Geng was stationed in the northwest and southwest frontiers of the Qing Dynasty for 21 years.During his tenure as minister of Tibet,he actively reviewed the uprising and formulated a series of aftermath measures through investigation.During Britain first war of aggression against Tibet,he revealed the true purpose of Britain aggression against Tibet under the mask of commerce,and proposed its strategy for governing Tibet.During his first tenure as General Yili,he set out to rectify Yili's military and political affairs.On the one hand,he calmly responded to Russian provocations and tentative invasions,and actively negotiated with him,trying to avoid a renewed war in Xinjiang.Fang's good offices successfully recovered the Baluk Mountain area.In addition,his exploration of the Altai Mountains made the Qing government notice the importance of this region to Xinjiang's border defense.During his second time as General Yili,he devoted his main energy to the construction of Yili's New Deal,hoping to make a new leap forward in the economy,military and education of the Yili region through the New Deal.