On Duan Fang's Thought And Practice Of Official Management

At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century,it was the crumbling period of the late Qing government.During the period,both inside and outside the country were faced with difficulties,official corruption,bureaucratic management system chaos.the Qing government tried to learn from the Western system to save the rule of danger,encouraged the free airing of views,formulated a series of reform policies,trying to clarify the administration of officials.Duan Fang,as an aristocrat in Manchuria and a member of the imperial court,practiced the New Deal in accordance with the imperial edict,and formed his own thought of official administration with the experience accumulated in his officialdom and the experience of going abroad for investigation,and took these thoughts as the guiding principle,and devoted himself to the practice of governing the place.In the face of the corruption of officials in the late Qing Dynasty,Duan Fang set an example and worked diligently for the officials,emphasizing that officials should have the common people in mind and attach importance to the role of moral education and the establishment of schools in the social atmosphere.He combined the advanced ideas learned after studying abroad with his own thought of governing officials,reformed the bad rules of officialdom,and improved the officialdom by punishing evil and promoting good,supervising and assessing officials.At the same time,he also through the recommendation of talent to inject fresh blood into the Qing Dynasty officialdom,through advocating constitutionalism to promote political innovation.On the one hand,he attaches importance to the conduct of officials,eliminate the bad rules,rewards and punishments,to a certain extent,to suppress the official dirty atmosphere;on the other hand,there are some empty and useless content in the practice of official administration,and his own behavior sometimes deviates from its original intention.As a whole,Duan Fang's thought of administration of officials advocated change,but because of the limitation of political position and its own bad habit as feudal bureaucrat,its thought and action produced certain contradiction.In addition,the identity of Duan Fang Manchuria aristocrat,which closely linked him with the fate of the late Qing government,his local governance policy was greatly influenced by the late Qing government policy,so his thought and practice of official administration,at a deeper level,reflected the final struggle and hope of the late Qing government in the rectification of official administration.