Archaeological Study On The Unearthed Diet Utensils Of Eastern Zhou Tombs In The Zhengluo Area

Zhengluo area refers to the area under the jurisdiction of Zhengzhou and Luoyang,which was the political center during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty with its unique geographical advantages.It was the main way to enter Guanzhong area and the main way to traffic with Zhou Dynasty states Qilu and Jingchu.It played an important role in cultural communication.With the deepening of archaeological work in this area,a large number of tombs in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty were found and rich archaeological data were accumulated.Zhengzhou area were Zheng and Han states during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.Luoyang area was the center of the Zhou Dynasty.It divided into the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou two small countries in the the warring States period."Food is god for the people",since ancient times the diet in people's daily life occupied a very important position.The Eastern Zhou Dynasty was in the formation period of Chinese food culture and inherited the Western Zhou food culture.This period of productivity improvement and the development of agriculture brought about the development of diet.Food utensils in the study of food culture are the most important part and are materialized symbol,which affected people's daily life and the appearance of food culture.So the study of food utensils are of great significance for the overall understanding of food culture.As a symbol of food culture,food utensils were unearthed in all kinds of tombs during the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and a large number of archaeological discoveries in the Eastern Zhou tombs in Zhengluo area gave us.Many references enable us to understand more systematically the evolution of food utensils and cultural exchanges in this area.On the premise of collecting and combing the food utensils unearthed in the eastern Zhou period of Zhengluo area,food utensils in this area are divided into two categories: drinking utensils and food utensils.Drinking utensils refer to drink utensils,eating utensils refer to food utensils.And then,according to the function ofdiet utensils,drinking utensils are divided into contain wine/water utensils,drinking/water utensils and intake utensils.Contain drinking or water utensils were used for contain wine/water in the diet,such as ampulla,zun,pot,etc.Drinking/water apparatus were used for drinking utensils in the diet,including drinking wine utensils or drink water utensils.Intake utensils refer to putting drinks from the receptacles into drinking utensils and acting as intermediaries,such as spoon,dou,etc.According to the situation of food utensils used in different stages of cooking,it can be divided into food preparation utensils,cooking utensils,contain food utensils and intake food utensils.The food preparation utensils refer to the utensils used in the food preparation stage before cooking,including knives,chopping board,mortar pestle and so on." Cooking utensils "refer to the utensils for cooking food by cooking,cooking meals,steaming and other means,the processing of food raw materials into edible materials,such as tripod,pottery tripod,etc." Contain food utensils" mean utensils used in the course of a meal that contain food ingredients or finished products and which were served after cooking(processed food)Edible utensils,such as food,gui,dou,bowl,pot,etc.�Intake food utensils �were cooking food from the cooker into the utensils and then from the utensils into the mouth in the diet,these two processes need intermediary tools.This article refers to the utensils used in the diet,including food from the "public utensils to" personal "utensils,including food from" personal "utensils to the mouth of the utensils,such as forks,spoons,chopsticks,etc.After that,the food utensils unearthed in the two areas were studied systematically.Analyzes the main type in Zhengzhou and luoyang area of drinking utensils and food utensils.The basic situation of all kinds of food utensils in the tombs of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Zhengluo area was grasped.The difference type and duration of the main drinking utensils and food utensils in the two areas were discussed.After that,the combination of function of food utensils and the combination of specific utensils in Zhengzhou and Luoyang were combed by statistical methods.The differences of functional types,specific combinations of objects and different combinations in each period were clarified.The functional combinations of early spring and mid spring and autumn in Zhengzhou area were basically the same.In the late spring and autumn period,the types of functional combination increased and the most varied in this period.In early warring states period,the types of functional combination were declined.The types of functions in the warring states period were basically the same.The types of functional combination in the early spring and autumn period and the mid spring and autumn period in Luoyang are quite different.The mid spring and autumn period were the most abundant.In last spring and autumn period,the types of functional combination were declined.The function combination of last spring and warring states period in Zhengzhou area were basically the same,except for a few different functional combinations.Finally,the cultural differences of food utensils in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty in Zhengluo region were analyzed briefly.The culture of Zhengzhou area was complex in the spring and autumn period.The region were mainly dominated by Zhou culture and local culture in the early spring and autumn period.In the middle and last stageof the spring and autumn,the region were mainly dominated by Zheng culture,local culture and foreign culture.During the warring states period,The Zheng and han culture dominated the area in the early and middle stage.The Han culture were mainly dominated and were still retained Zheng culture with adherent culture.During the last warring states period and was influenced by the Qin culture.During the spring and autumn period.Luoyang area was for the Zhou royal rule of the region.The culture of luoyang area were mainly dominated by Zhou culture and local culture in the early spring and autumn period.This region were mainly dominated by Zhou culture,adherent culture and foreign culture in the middle and late spring and autumn period.This region were mainly dominated by Zhou culture in the early warring states period.Han state occupied most of Luoyang in the middle warring states period and influenced by Zheng and Han states in Zhengzhou,so mainly dominated by Zhou culture and Han culture.The late period of the war was still dominated by Zhou culture and Han culture and appeared Qin culture.