Mono-Party-Village Committee:the Practice Value And Political Logic

Villagers' Self Governance System is a basic political system in China.In the organizational system and power structure of the villagers autonomy,there are two organizations and the main bodies,namely basic Party branch and villagers committee.The village Party branch is the basic level organization of the Communist Party of China in the countryside.It plays a leading role in the villagers' Autonomy,leading and supporting the villagers committee to exercises the authority.The village committee is elected by villagers to represent them to put Village Autonomy into practice and manage the daily affairs of the village.It's the important organization used to do Village Autonomy and village governance.As their ways of election,personnel composition,working mechanism and the scope of authority are different,there are many contradictions and conflicts in practice.Since the implementation of villager autonomy,how to properly handle the relationship between "two committees" of the village is the prominent problem in rural grassroots governance.In order to strengthen and improve the leadership of the village Party branch and eliminate contradictions between the two committees,many places carried out a lot of exploration,such as implementing "The Two-Ballot System"," The Two-Ballot and One-Election System" and "Publ ic Recommendation and Publ ic Election".They innovate electoral methods of the village Party branch and village committee,and achieve Mono-Party-Village Committee by election.Especially since the new century,Mono-Party-Village Committee has become the most common way.Basic characteristics of Mono-Party-Village Committee is that the chairman of the village committee and Party branch secretary of the village are taken by the same person through legal procedures and some other occupations of the village committee and village Party branch of the village are also taken by same people.It is used to strengthen the leadership of the village Party branch,reduce conflicts between "two committees" of the village and make the relations between the two committees harmonious by the way of personnel of "two committees" of the village holding posts concurrently.Currently,the mode of Mono-Party-Village Committee is encouraged by the central government,and provinces and cities are vigorously promoting.The implementation of the mode of Mono-Party-Village Committee is more and more universal.In some areas,the proportion of implement of the mode of Mono-Party-Village Committee even reaches one hundred percent.For a long time,however,people are not unified for the understanding and evaluation of Mono-Party-Village Committee.Opinions are widely divided.People pass different judgements on it.How to understand and evaluate the practice of Mono-Party-Village Committee in villager autonomy and explain the logic of its existence and development in theory are also the important practical and theoretical issues currently.By studying and analyzing the history and practice effect of Mono-Party-Village Committee,this paper is to explore why the relationship of "two committees" of the village finally head down the path of Mono-Party-Village Committee,the characteristics and advantages of its practical form and operating mechanism,its difficulties,problems and risks,and its future trend of development.These are the issues that need to be considered and explored in the party's leadership,villagers' autonomy and grassroots governance.This paper believes that Mono-Party-Village Committee is inevitable in practice and politics.Especially the duality of organization and power of two committees of the village and lack of effective institutional norms always cause contradicts and serious internal friction.The two committees setting up in a smaller unit increases personnel and financial burden,which is not conducive to the villagers' autonomy,but also detrimental to the leadership of the party.Therefore,all places attempt to eliminate the duality of rural-ruling powers,strengthen the leadership of the village Party branch,achieve integration of rural-ruling powers,and improve the rural governance efficiency.This is a way for the party to strengthen the leadership of the villagers autonomy and grassroots governance.However,we must also realize that because of Mono-Party-Village Committee,village Party branch secretary command the power and work of the village Party branch and village committee,their Job responsibility and burden are heavy so they are easy to become the focus of the grassroots contradictions;because of the two committees'centralization of power,the difficulty of supervision has increased;some party affairs and village work arrangements are improper,there is risk of weakening the party's leadership;some elections of two committees to realize Mono-Party-Village Committee are not standardized;some secretaries are not strict to themselves in politic,economic and life so that power abuse and corruption damage the legitimacy of power,etc.Therefore,this paper presents that we must further improve the branch election and villagers' autonomy system;expand grassroots democracy especially the inner-party democracy;properly handle the relationship that Party branch's support and leadership to the villagers' autonomy;establish and perfect the mechanism of supervision and restriction of power;standardize the election mechanism under the mode of Mono-Party-Village Committee and realize the pluralistic participation under the leadership of the Party committee,so as to effectively unify the leadership of the Party branch and the villager autonomy.