Research On The Basic Public Service Level And Its Influencing Factors In Jilin Province

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has achieved rapid growth.GDP has increased from 367 billion 870 million yuan in 1978 to 74 trillion and 412 billion 720 million yuan in 2016.The income level of residents and the level of social security are improving constantly.But there are income gaps between urban and rural residents and different groups of city.And the problem has become increasingly prominent.The difference of the basic public service level between residents of the region is also increasing.The contradiction between supply and demand of the basic public services such as education,employment and entrepreneurship,social insurance,public health care,housing,public cultural and sports is outstanding,which is the important reason leading to the difference of basic service level between regions.With the economic development and the reform of various systems,the equalization of basic public service between regions has been paid more and more attention by government and community.In recent years,research on the equalization of basic public service is rich in academic circles.The research content involves not only the overall evaluation of the national basic public service equalization level,but also the regional difference research,as well as the continuous improvement of the evaluation index system,and the in-depth study of the equalization path and other policies.This article takes Jilin Province as the main body,launches the preliminary research,investigates the basic public service level of Jilin Province in the whole country,further discusses the difference between different cities,and analyzes its influencing factors and policy implication.Starting from the actual development situation of Jilin Province,the representative indicators of basic education,basic health care,social security and employment and basic public culture were selected.Descriptive analysis was conducted on the overall evolution of the four basic public services in Jilin Province in the past 2011-2015 years and compared with the corresponding national indicators,and analyzes the evolution of the four basic public service levels in the provincial prefectural cities.The study found that the basic public service investment in Jilin Province is increasing in the past 2011-2015 years.Basic public education and basic medical and health care in most indicators are higher than the national average level.The basic pension insurance rate is higher and the financial investment of basic public cultural and per capita facilities are higher than the national average level.The average educational resources and per capita medical and health resources of Changchun city,Jilin city and Baishan city are relatively abundant.Songyuan city and Baicheng city are relatively few.Changchun city and Tonghua city are relatively high in urban basic pension insurance coverage rate and urban workers’ basic medical insurance coverage rate.In basic public culture,the development levels of Changchun city,Jilin city and Baishan city are better.On this basis,based on existing research results,firstly,construct the evaluation index system of the basic public service level of Jilin Province and other provinces and regions of the whole country.Using principal component analysis method,draw a comprehensive evaluation and ranking.The level of basic public service of Jilin Province ranked ninth in 31 provinces and cities in the country,in the middle.This has a certain relationship with good foundation of industrial development,high level of urbanization and the large proportion of state-owned economy in Jilin Province.Secondly,the evaluation index system of basic public service level of 8 prefecture cities in Jilin Province is constructed,and comprehensive scores are calculated by entropy method.The conclusion is that the development levels of basic public service of Changchun city and Jilin city are relatively high,and Baicheng city,Siping city and Songyuan city are relatively low.This is related to the level of local economic development and the financial ability of government.And further analyze the influencing factors and degree affecting the basic public service level in Jilin Province.From 2011-2015 years,the comprehensive scores of the basic public service levels in every city are the dependent variable and select the per capita GDP on behalf of the level of economic development,per capita fiscal revenue and fiscal revenue and expenditure ratio on behalf of the government finance ability and management level,the urbanization rate on behalf of the level of urbanization and per capita consumption expenditure on behalf of the consumption level as independent variables.The econometric model is constructed for regression analysis.The conclusion shows that the per capita GDP,the fiscal revenue and expenditure ratio and the urbanization rate have significant impacts on the basic public service level in Jilin Province.Based on this,this paper thinks should optimize the industrial layout in order to promote economic growth,consummate the expenditure structure to improve the financial management level,and raise the level of urbanization to narrow the basic public service gap between urban and rural areas.These three aspects are the policy directions to promote the equalization of basic public service in Jilin Province.