Research On Household Registration System And Residents' Educational Attainment

Since the reform and opening up,the process of urbanization in our country has been accelerating.Now that we have entered the crucial stage of "improving the quality and improving the efficiency,”at the same time,the solidification of the strata has also drawn widespread public concern.From the perspective of intergenerational transmission,this paper uses the detailed data from CHNS database to analyze the impact of fathers' hukou status on the education of offspring through four different groups in the process of urbanization in China.This article is divided into four chapters.The first chapter defines the related concepts and draws the conclusion that the household registration system has an impact on children's education based on the theory of access to education.The second chapter is to explain the background of the household registration system policy.On the basis of this,we will explain the current distribution of public service resources and the restriction of educational equity which is dominated by the household registration system.The third chapter is the empirical analysis of this paper.Based on the data processing and statistical description,the paper analyzes the influence and mechanism of the household registration system on the education level of offspring and the education level of offspring.The fourth chapter is related conclusions and policy recommendations.In the empirical analysis,this paper takes the father's household registration status as the policy explanatory variable of the household registration system and uses the difference in difference method to study the identity discrimination and long-term economic impact of household registration.In order to avoid bias in sample selection,when examining the influence of new citizen and mobile group household registration status,the propensity score matching method was used to match the two groups of household registration status.Robustness test showed that the empirical results of this paper were more robust.In addition,this paper uses an ordered Probit model to examine the effect of household registration status on different education levels of offspring,the function mechanism of household registration discrimination,and the role of community public services(education,medical care,housing,and other services).This article further uses the ordered probit model to examine the impact of household registration status on the educational level of offspring.In addition,in order to analyze the mechanism of household registration discrimination,this paper adds subdivided community public service index interaction items into the basic regression to deeply analyze the role of various welfare resources in education services,medical services and housing services attached to household registration.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:First,the status of household registration in urban areas relative to that of rural household registration shows that the offspring have a significant advantage in obtaining education.That is,when the parents are urban residents,the highest education age in the offspring is also larger.When rural household registration,the highest education age of the offspring is low.Second,the advantages of urban household registration status not only make the children's education years longer,but also make the education level higher,that is,when parents are urban residents,children have a higher chance of getting higher education.When their parents are rural residents,Children have a lower chance of getting higher education.Compared with the offspring of floating population,the offspring of migrants have 41%superiority,while compared with the offspring of rural areas,the offspring of urban areas have 75%superiority.Thirdly,compared with the offspring of floating population,the influence of the parents'immigrant hukou status on their educational attainment is not only through the welfare factor attached to the hukou but also has the direct effect of identity exclusion.Among the public welfare factors,educational services,medical services and housing services have the most impact,accounting for more than half of the advantages of household registration.Based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper presents relevant policy recommendations to promote education fairness and weaken the impact of household registration system.That is to speed up the household registration system and related supporting reforms to accelerate the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas and increase investment in education resources to ensure education fairness.