The Study On Populism In The Process Of Oriental Socialist History

In the broad sense of populism,that is,populism.As an extremely complicated ideology,populism has a positive or negative dual function in the development of social history.The populism described in this article refers to the Russian Populism produced in the nineteenth century,which is characterized by the fact that the agricultural country behind the East has not gone through the historical stage of capitalism,and only relies on the combination of revolutionary leaders,revolutionary political parties and mass movements to socialism and co-production.This article studies the populism in the course of the history of Eastern socialism.The purpose is to recognize the principle difference between the Russian populist utopian socialism and the socialist road with Chinese characteristics,and to strengthen our determination and confidence to take the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The main contents of this paper are divided into the following six parts:The first chapter expounds the background and basis of populism research in the course of Oriental socialist history,the current research situation and development at home and abroad,the research significance and research method of the article,and the innovation and shortage;The second chapter deals with the historical roots of populism,combing and analyzing the manifestations and influences of populism;In the third chapter,the Russian Populism is expounded and analyzed by Marx's theory of Oriental society,and Engels' s criticism of Russian Populism is emphatically introduced;The fourth chapter analyzes and discusses the relationship between Lenin and populism;The fifth chapter analyzes and discusses the relationship between Mao Zedong and populism;The sixth chapter analyzes and discusses populism in the new era of reform and opening up.The main innovations of the article are as follows:First,adhering to the historical materialism view,the two backward Eastern powers of China and Russia,without the historical development of capitalism,go directly to the problem of the socialist road,from a theoretical "no need" problem into a "no" problem in a specific historical scene,thus revealing Russia and The historical inevitability of China's embarking on the socialist road has,to a certain extent,realized the accurate grasp of the relationship between Lenin,Mao Zedong and populism.Second,using Marx's "practical reflection method" and standing on the height of the practice of contemporary Chinese characteristic socialism,we rethink and grasp thepopulism in the process of Soviet Russia and China's socialist history.On the one hand,it makes a clear-cut criticism of the extreme "Left" populist trend of thought that denies the reform and opening up and denies the market economy in China today,and on the other hand,it has fully exposed the extreme rightist trend of thought that our country uses critical populist utopia to engage in historical nihilism.In a word,there is a principle difference between the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Russian populist utopian socialism.In the new era,we should have a clear understanding of the interference from the two aspects of "left" and right aspects of reform and opening up.We should be vigilant to the right,but mainly to prevent "left".In this historical background,the scientific understanding of the populism in the course of the history of the eastern socialism has both important theoretical and practical significance.