The Dilemma Of Crisis Learning

The frequent occurrence of the crisis has caused tremendous losses to the people's production and life,and it also exposed the insufficiency of crisis learning.Base on 34 accident investigation reports which have been publicly published in 2008 to 2016 and some related cases,the paper tries to explain the predicament of crisis learning in crisis learning process.First,using literature method,case studies and text analysis method,the paper finds some obstacles to crisis learning.The difficulty in identifying faults,psychological factors of refusing to admit failures and some policy and cultural factors hinder the identification of failures.Second,the quality of managers,psychological factors and discussion process constrain the results of analysis.The orientation of focusing on accountability affects the potential of crisis learning,and the macro orientation of the investigation reports separates the steps of double-loop learning.The lack of independent investigation subject limits the objectivity the information of crisis learning and the deadline of investigation constrains the depth of investigation reports content,which will hinder empirical analysis and summary.Third,confidentiality,loss of personnel and the lack of sharing platform constrains sharing of information.Finally,lack of resources and communication and resources,and the dereliction of duty and inadequate supervision have highlighted the institutional obstacles of crisis learning,which will affect crisis learning in some degree.Crisis learning is an important factor in preventing the occurrence of crisis.In light of the problems existing in crisis learning,it's necessary to make efforts from both technical systems and social systems.And we propose countermeasures for the problems that arise in the stages of crisis learning.First of all,for the problems of failure identification,technical training should be strengthened and anomaly detection system should be established.Foster psychological security atmosphere through leadership demonstrations and establishing systems.Secondly,developing learning forums,establishing learning models,training related personnel,exploring separated system of technical investigations and judicial investigations,ensuring dependence of investigation subjects and enhancing the scientific and standard of investigation reports to improve the operability of experience summary.Thirdly,in order to promote the storage of knowledge and the dissemination of experience,information sharing libraries should be built,online learning systems should be developed,offline experience exchanges both within and between organizations should be strengthened.Last but not least,the support for resources should be increased,and internal communication should be strengthened,which will promote the transformation from knowledge to action.On the basic of these,reasonable new systems and culture can be established.At the same time,strengthening the assessment of policies institutions and culture,which will prevent the recurrence of accidents.