Exploration And Enlightenment Of The Long-term Care Model Combining Institutional Endowment And Community Endowment In The Perspective Of Welfare Pluralism

With the continuous development of our society,the number of elderly people in China has shown a rapid growth.China has entered an aging era,and various social contradictions have been brought by aging,so the problem of old-age pension has become a key issue in modern society.In mainland China,due to the change in family structure,the household,as the main body of traditional pension services,its pension service function has become increasingly weaker,and diversified social pension services such as community-based pensions,institutional pensions and home pensions have become better choices.Among them,institutional pensions and community pensions have been chosen by an increasing number of people since they have opened up channels for the interaction among society,families and institutions and overcome the defect of closedness in home pensions and home-based home pensions.However,currently,mainland China’s institutional pensions and community pensions are still at the initial stage,and there are many problems:they are still exploring the content and direction of services,and there are low service specialization and a lack of attention to the spiritual.Community pensions are difficult to provide all-weather and all-round pension services,and institutional pensions are limited by their closedness and the disadvantages of alienation from society.Therefore,neither of them can bear the current and future responsibility of old-age pension.In addition,the elderly pension service in Taiwan has entered a relatively mature stage,forming a relatively complete pension system,known as the "Long-term Care System for the Elderly".The diversified institutional pension model has been widely recognized by the society.Its development has been oriented as follows:to promote the institutions to establish community-based care networks so as to provide continuous and comprehensive care.This orientation combines institutional pensions with community pensions,which is of instructive significance to the development dilemma faced by institutional pensions and community pensions in mainland China.Moreover,since Taiwan shares the same roots with the mainland,it has commonalities of ideas,history and culture with the mainland,and it is feasible to learn from Taiwan’s experience.A long-term care center for the elderly was taken as the example.With welfare pluralism as the theoretical support,the service mode and content of the institution was collected by observation and unstructured interview.With regard to the organization itself and the community to which the institution belongs,the functions,service objectives.and service contents of the four welfare entities,the public sector,medical institution,families,and community volunteer organization involved in the institution’s service were analyzed,and the resource integration relationship between the four entities and the institution were explored.Finally,the model of old-age care service combining institutional services and community services was summarized,and the following suggestions for the construction of the old-age care institutions in the Mainland were put forward combining with the reality of the elderly pension in the mainland:(1)Institution level:to improve the professionalization of service personnel,to enhance the diversity of service content and service modes of institutions,to break down single full-time services and respond to the different needs of the elderly and the families,and to provide services such as full-time care,daytime care,home care and community care;(2)Community level:to provide a way for the institutions to maintain or establish a new social network through long-term and stable cooperation with community volunteer organizations and institutions;(3)Family level:To actively mobilize family factors as important emotional support so as to make institutional services more emotional and warmer;(4)government level:functional departments should provide policy support for institutional pension services,play a supervisory review function and strengthening the integrated planning on the combination of medical treatment and health care and improve the service system with the combination of medical treatment and health care.