Research On The Influence Of New Citizens Identity On The Sense Of Political Efficacy In The Process Of Urbanization

In the 21 st century,China is in a critical period of rapid urbanization,and the improvement of people's urbanization level is the fundamental purpose and direction of urbanization development.People's urbanization is not only to realize the spatial movement and career transformation from farmers to citizens,but more importantly is to let new citizens gradually have the political attitude of modern citizens in the process of urbanization.As an important dimension and face of measuring citizens' political attitudes,political efficacy is one of the important political attitudes that modern citizens should possess.Therefore,it is particularly important that the emerging groups in the process of urbanization,that is,the state of new citizens' political efficacy and their influencing factors.Examining the existing theories found that main factors of affecting the Chinese and Western people's political efficacy are social and economic status,political participation and relationships.However,due to the special group characteristics and status changes of new citizens in the process of China's urbanization,their identities are very likely to become the “basic psychology” of their attitudes and behaviors,which will affect their political efficacy's formation to a large extent.Thus,the causal logic that concerns the new citizen's identity and political efficacy in the process of urbanization has certain theoretical and practical significance.This paper uses the self-approved Chinese New Citizenship Identity and Political Efficacy Questionnaire,through a combination of quantitative and qualitative research to explore China's new citizen identity and political efficacy's characteristics and causality.The study finds that: First,the new citizens' identity in the process of urbanization shows more obvious ambiguity and fragmentation;Second,the new citizens' political efficacy in the process of urbanization shows extremely low level and the non-equilibrium features under the “half disembedding”.On the overall level,shows the characteristics of extremely low levels and zero political efficacy.In terms of dimensions,China's new citizens' political efficacy has significant non-equilibrium characteristics;in the horizontal dimension is outside high and inner low's non-equilibrium characteristics,and in the vertical dimension is a hierarchical distribution of “strong central and weak terrain” and “far higher and lower levels”;Thirdly,China's new citizens' identity and its political efficacy has not only a positive correlation,but also has a causality,the impact path of China's new citizens' identity in the process of urbanization to their political efficacy is: the new citizen's ambiguous identity contains weak self-cognition,which will lead to their lower-level interests appeal,resulting in they have no time to take into account the political aspect,and thus form a political efficacy of “half disembedding”;the fragmented identity restricts the scope of its interaction,resulting in a degree of community consciousness,leading to community political level's negative slack,making the political efficacy exhibit very low levels and non-equilibrium features,showing the state of “half disembedding ”.The ambiguity and fragmentation of the new citizens' identity in the process of urbanization are the main reasons leading to the “half disembedding” of political efficacy.Therefore,to cultivate the appropriate political efficacy of China's new citizens,which is key that on the basis of reconstructing their identity,improving the training mechanism of new citizen's competence,continuously upgrade the cultural competence and new citizens' quality,ease and improve the self-recognition of the new citizens and increase self-confidence;Perfecting the interest appeal mechanism of the new citizens,gives them more energy to pay attention to politics;Constructing a relatively broad social support network for new citizens,cultivating community awareness,and promote the generation and improvement of new citizens' political efficiency.