Sun Yat-sen's Concept Of"Independence"Under The Discourse Of Nationalism

"Independence" is an important vocabulary in modern Chinese nationalism.Due to the ambiguity of English Nationalism,Chinese intellectuals translated it into "nationalism","nationalism" and "nationalism".Correspondingly,there are also three concepts of "independence" : "national independence","national independence" and "national independence."From 1895 to 1925,during these 30 years of revolutionary life,nationalism was an important part of Sun Yat-sen's ideology.During this period,it was precisely the transitional era of modern Chinese thought.Sun Yat-sen's nationalist ideology is naturally in transition.While studying the modern transformation of Sun Yat-sen's nationalism,the concept of "independence" is a key link.In Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary career,the concept of "independence" was constantly changing based on his thinking about the country's way out.In this process,Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" is divided into four stages.In the first stage,from 1895 to 1911,Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" was between race and state: both "racial independence" and "national independence." The former is only a slogan for him to mobilize the masses and lead the revolution.The latter is the true purpose of his revolution.In the second stage,from 1912 to 1914,Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" was between the nationals and the state: both "national independence" and "national independence." This is the expression of Sun Yat-sen's concept of "national state".In theory,the "national" and "state" under this concept are equal.However,due to the non-independence of modern China,the two are not equal.The "nationals" have become the vassals of the "state" to a certain extent,which makes "national independence" more important than "national independence." Therefore,under the concept of "national state",Sun Yat-sen hopes to achieve "national independence" through "national independence." However,after the failure of the "Second Revolution",Sun Yat-sen proposed the "revolutionary" revolutionary procedure,which marked the suspension of his "national state" concept and temporarily abandoned the concept of "national independence." The paradox is that in 1917,"China's survival" again advocated "national independence." Therefore,from 1914 to1919,it was the transitional stage of Sun Yat-sen's concept of “national state”turning to the concept of “national state”.In the third stage,from 1919 to 1923,Sun Yat-sen went to nationalism and only advocated "national independence." Due to the influence of the May Fourth Movement,Sun Yat-sen turned to the concept of "national state" and advocated the formation of a "Greater Chinese nation" and proposed "one nation and one country",and on this basis,"national independence." In the fourth stage,from 1924 to 1925,Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" coexisted with the concept of "national independence" and "national independence." Due to the influence of Soviet Russia,Sun Yat-sen was forced to accept some cosmopolitan ideas,but did not give up the previous nationalist ideas.Therefore,at this stage,Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" is in a state of nationalism and cosmopolitanism.In short,the change and evolution of Sun Yat-sen's concept of "independence" not only shows the modern transformation process of his nationalism,but also reflects the difficulties and twists and turns in the process of exploring China's way out,and further reflects his lofty revolutionary spirit.