Case Work Intervenes Into The Spiritual Comfort Study Of Old People Living Alone In Rural Areas

With the continuous progress of urbanization,the aging of our population has become increasingly serious.In this process,as a special and important group of elderly people living alone in rural areas,the problems they face have become more and more social problems that can not be ignored.As children migrate to cities for work or living,the traditional family structure changes,and the lack of supporting subjects makes the spiritual comfort of the elderly who stay alone in rural areas increasingly prominent.At the same time,the "Opinions on Strengthening the Care Service for the Elderly in Rural Areas" issued by government departments pointed out that it is necessary to give play to the professional advantages of social work,humanistic care,and self-help,through the establishment of social work sites and the purchase of services by the government.To provide psychological counseling,emotional relief,spiritual comfort and other services for the elderly.Based on the above reasons,based on the project on the left-behind elderly people in rural areas undertaken by the internship institution,the author understands and analyzes the mental comfort situation of the left-alone elderly people in the Y village where the project is implemented,and based on the ecosystem theory,the Z elderly people with the most outstanding problems are among them.Based on the interview method,we use the case work in the three major professional methods of social work to intervene.After several months of project implementation,the author estimated the spiritual comfort needs of Z elderly people after understanding the basic situation.The needs of Z elderly people are mainly concentrated in the following four areas: family emotional support needs,interpersonal communication needs,respected needs,and self-enhancing value needs.At the same time according to the different needs of the specific corresponding service plan.From the Z old man herself,family,neighbors three aspects,a total of 11 interventions.At the micro level,from the service object itself to intervene,help its link resources,explore new interests,find her own advantages.In order to alleviate the loneliness of the elderly,change her negative perception of "old age" and realize self-worth.At the medium level,the social work serves as an intermediary to promote the establishment of positive communication channels between Z elderly people and her children,promote her children to actively care for and understand the elderly,and encourage Z elderly people to participate in community collective activities.Actions that promote the elderly to form an active social awareness and promote her active social life.At themacro level,the social work is a policy advocate and proposes to the village committee to institutionalize the mechanism of condolences to the elderly who stay alone.After 11 interventions,the final effect of this case was professionally evaluated from three aspects: program evaluation,process evaluation,and effect evaluation.Combining with the theoretical dimension,program evaluation and process evaluation were mainly analyzed from six stages of case work.The effectiveness evaluation evaluates the service effect from the perspective of two feedback subjects,the direct service object and the indirect service object.At the same time,through the summary of this case,the author makes professional reflections on theory,practical skills,and social worker's own literacy.