Study On The Differences In The Needs Of Home Care Services For Elderly Living Alone In Beijing

According to the statistics released by the Beijing Office on Ageing,the number of elderly people in Beijing reached 2.5 million in 2015,accounting for 15.2% of the city's resident population,of which more than 1 million empty-nest old people,accounting for 40% of the total population.In that home of the empty-nest old man,about one-third of the old man live alone.With the increase of the old people living alone,their old-age problems have become the focus of the social attention,and how to explore the home-based pension service system which is in accordance with the needs of the old people living alone and in the form of the current situation is very urgent in the development stage of the aging.By consulting the literature on the demand for pension services for the elderly living alone,this paper collates and analyzes the present situation of scholars at home and abroad in the aspects of life,psychological and social support of the elderly living alone.Based on the survey data of the fourth questionnaire on the living conditions of the elderly in urban and rural areas in China,this paper analyzes the situation of the elderly living alone in the three aspects of life care,medical care and spiritual culture by means of qualitative and quantitative methods.This paper makes a comparative analysis of the needs of the elderly living alone and those living with their spouses,and finds out the differences between the two groups in the demand for home pension services.The results of empirical study show that in the aspect of life care,the elderly people who tend to care at home are those who live with their spouses,while the elderly who live alone tend to take care of the elderly in the old-age institutions.There is no significant difference in the demand for other types of life care,such as the demand for meals,the elderly living alone and the elderly living with their spouses have a higher demand.Secondly,in the field of medical and nursing care,the elderly living with their spouses need door-to-door medical services,rehabilitation care services and rental services for elderly aids,and these needs are significantly different from those of the elderly living alone.Thirdly,in the spiritual and cultural life,the elderly living alone have a high sense of loneliness,so there is a greater demand for psychological counseling;At the same time,when analyzing the reasons of the data results,the author finds that the elderly living alone are better at investment and financial management,and the economic situation of the elderly living alone is better than that of other elderly people.Based on the analysis of the differences between the elderly living alone and their spouses in providing for the aged at home,this paper puts forward the following suggestions: firstly,from the point of view of service providers,the government should pay more attention to the elderly living alone and play a good role as policymakers and supervisors;The community should strengthen the basic demand and supply for the elderly living alone;pension institutions should take encouraging measures to actively guide the elderly living alone to join;at the same time,non-governmental organizations should strengthen the visiting activities of the elderly living alone.Secondly,from the perspective of the elderly living alone,they put forward to actively participate in social activities and enjoy their twilight years with a positive attitude.