Analysis Of The Factors Affecting The Democratic Transformation In Indonesia

Since the 1980 s,Southeast Asian countries have transitioned from authoritarian politics to democratic politics.Among them,Indonesia's transformation is a relatively successful case,and it has not evolved into a crisis situation of the military government or led to the collapse of the nation-state.Indonesia is a country with great geographical,social,ethnic and cultural differences.A synonym for this country is diversity.The possibility of a relatively peaceful transition can be achieved in most of the conditions that are generally considered to be necessary for a successful transition to democracy.Very low,Indonesia should be one of the few “exceptional” countries.Every case is a valuable material for our social science research.Therefore,this article chooses Indonesia as a window to analyze the factors affecting the transformation of democracy.According to the theory of political science transformation,a country needs to meet many factors in order to achieve democratic transformation and achieve political development.This paper attempts to make its own inductive analysis and rational thinking on the uniqueness of Indonesian democratic transition.It mainly analyzes the five factors of ruling elite,economic development,social environment,political tradition and external environment.According to the main logic of Indonesian democratic transition,This paper argues that economic growth,political traditions,and external environmental factors play a facilitating role.The economic crisis is the breakthrough point for Indonesia's democratic transformation,and the actor factor is the most critical,especially the division and disintegration of the ruling clique in the actor's factors is the cause of the demise of the authoritarian regime.The key driver,the opposition has played a role in fueling the waves.The choice of actors determines whether a country is facing a democratic crisis or is returning to an authoritarian regime in the face of a serious crisis.In addition,although Indonesia has completed the democratic transformation,democratization is a dynamic process of sustained democracy.Analysis of the influencing factors of the process of democratic transformation will help to understand the subsequent consolidation of democracy.The main content of this paper is divided into the following parts:The first part mainly introduces the basic concepts,the combing of the theory of democratic transition,the research path and the theoretical hypothesis.The second part mainly takes Indonesia as the research object,and briefly reviews the historical evolution of Indonesia's democratic transformation,including the development of the pre-transition period,the transition period and the period of transformation and stability.The third part is the focus of the full text.The five factors of ruling elite,economic development,social environment,political tradition and external environment are selected to analyze the democratic transformation of Indonesia.Among them,the economic crisis is a sudden factor in the transformation of democracy.The choice of actors has become a key factor in the transformation of democracy.Especially the decline and disintegration of the ruling group and the rise of opposition forces are the leaders of Indonesian democratic transformation.They are in Indonesia.The democratic transition played a vital role,and economic growth,social environment,political traditions and external environmental factors played a catalytic role.The fourth part is mainly to further explore the experience and political development of Indonesia's democratic transformation.The experience of Indonesia's democratic transformation is explained by four aspects: civil and military relations,procedural democracy,separation of church and state,and decentralization of power.At the same time,it also pointed out that Indonesia's political development still faces many challenges.