A Study On The Relationship Between Central And Local Authorities In Contemporary Russia

The Russian federation is the sole heir to the world's largest socialist state,the Soviet union.Gorbachev and yeltsin's reforms led to social unrest and economic decline in Russia.After putin took office,he carried out the reform of the vertical power system,which enabled Russia's economy to recover and develop and achieved social stability.Russia's social and economic transition from the chaos of the early days of independence to stability is a powerful manifestation of the country's need for relative centralization.Russia has a history of just over 1,000 years,of which 990 years have been dominated by a centralized political system.Russia,the Soviet union,the Soviet union and the Russian federation all had relatively centralized political systems that kept the huge state machinery running.The constitution of the contemporary Russian federation,the 1993 constitution,is asuper-presidential system that gives the President a great deal of power.Putin's administrative reform abolished the direct election of regional governors,and established a strong President and strong government in Russian politics.From the perspective of history and reality,Russia is calling for a strong government and needs a good father figure like a "tsar" to lead Russia,which makes the Russian society face the phenomenon of the karisma leader.Once the leader is weak,the political development will stagnate and there will be social chaos.Russia also has the idea of separation of powers,among which the system of local autonomy is the most important manifestation.Local autonomy prevents excessive centralization of power.China's reform can learn from Russia's system of local autonomy.The first part describes the relations between the central and local governments in the Russian period and the Soviet period before gorbachev's perestroika.For the period of tsarist Russia,the development and evolution of the central and local government administration from the Peter I period of tsarist Russia to the Nicholas ii period are discussed firstly.Secondly,it discusses the emergence,development and extinction of the system of local autonomy in the period of tsarist Russia.As for the Soviet Russia period,it mainly describes the specific setting of the relationship between the central government and the local government institutions in the constitution of the Soviet union in 1922.For the Soviet union period,the main narrative of the Soviet union central and local administrative institutions of the evolution of the development and their mutual relations.On the whole,in the Soviet union,the central government had great administrative power and the local governments had little administrative autonomy.The second part describes the relationship between the central and the local government during the gorbachev and yeltsin periods.Gorbachev's political reforms led to the collapse of the Soviet union,and yeltsin became the first President of the Russian federation after independence.During yeltsin's period,the local government constantly demanded sovereignty,economy and independence from the central government.The federal treaty signed by the central government and the local government as the political subject of the federation and the 1993 constitution regulated the relationship between the centralgovernment and the local government,and recognized the pluralistic political authority of the federal subject.Yeltsin took full advantage of his strong political power as President in the struggle against the central and local forces,and removed some central and local government leaders from their posts.However,in 1996,he finally implemented the system of directly elected local chief executives.The third part mainly discusses putin's reform and reshaping of the relations between the central and local governments in Russia.First,in order to completely change the situation of the lack of central authority and social chaos in Russia under yeltsin,putin took measures to re-establish a vertical system of power from top to bottom.Secondly,it discusses the division of financial power between the central government and the local governments in Russia.The local governments in Russia have too much responsibility and lack enough funds to guarantee the implementation of local work.Finally,it describes the system of local autonomy in Russia.The local organs of self-government no longer belong to the system of organs of state power and the administrative system,but have independent political status,which fully guarantees the local political independence.The fourth part is an analysis of the relations between the central government and the local authorities in Russia.First,the centralization of power in the relationship between the central and local authorities in Russia is inseparable from the historical Russian authoritarian cultural tradition and imperial ideology.In combination with Russia's national conditions,Russia should maintain a certain degree of centralization.The reform Russia has undertaken is basically in line with its national conditions.Second,there are still problems in the relations between the central and local governments in Russia.Russia is prone to excessive centralization after excessive decentralization,which is not conducive to social stability and political development.The implementation of local autonomy is confronted with resistance from local leaders and weak awareness of civic participation.China can learn from Russia's system of local autonomy.