Study On The Fertility Intention Of Urban Professional Women Under The Policy Of "Universal Two-Child"

Fertility desire refers to people's views and attitudes towards fertility behavior,which is influenced by various factors such as social economy,traditional culture,ideology,and policy and regulations.As a reflection of people's inherent expectation and subjective desire of their own reproductive behavior,it plays a decisive role in the fertility level and population development of a country or region.In 2015,the fifth plenary session of the 18th central committee of the communist party of China(CPC)decided to fully open the second child,which is the second adjustment of China's fertility policy after the "single second child" policy in 2013.The change of birth policy will inevitably have a certain effect on the fertility intention.Therefore,it is of theoretical and practical significance to study the reproductive intention of working women as the subject of women under the new policy.In "comprehensive two children" policy under the background of full two years,by visiting a hospital for professional women venture town 2015,2016,2017,the three years of accurate production data,through the contrast analysis "comprehensive two children"policy on the actual situation of the venture to the ground.Studies found that policy implementation in the first year of professional women venture town two births than policy before the number two births have certain growth,policy effect is obvious,the first biennial nurtures the second child fall.And it is found that 25-30 years old is the age group with the largest number of second births,and over 30 years old is the population with the fastest growth rate.This article from many subjects such as sociology,economics and demographic perspective,integrated use of multi-disciplinary theory as the analysis framework,through the way of questionnaire,professional women's childbearing willing to venture town investigation research.It is concluded that the intention of two children to have two children in urban working women has the following characteristics:The lower the degree,the higher the willingness to have a second child;The willingness of the two children to have a second child is relatively high,and the willingness of enterprises to have children is lower.The lower the family income,the higher the proportion of children who are not willing to have a second child;There is no obvious gender preference for the second child;The time interval between the two children who intend to reproduce is mainly 3 years.This paper deals with the raw data obtained scientific statistical analysis,further from the individual level,family level,social level is studied the main factors influencing the urban professional women have two children:the cultivation of high quality for the growth of children,was born the career women "have fewer good example" procreation conception;The conflict between career and family and the implementation of unit birth policy are also important factors affecting the fertility desire of urban working women.Many urban working women are forced to give up their second child because of economic pressure;No one looks after the child to bring resistance to the second child;The first child is against the pressure of parents to have a second child;The social security system is imperfect,restricting the birth of two children.In the end,the author puts forward some Suggestions for the implementation of the policy of "universal two-child policy":to increase publicity and encourage policy bearing;Protecting the legitimate rights and interests of women of child-bearing age;Provide economic security for the two-child family;Set up childcare management agency to extend education time of school;Strengthen the correct guidance to the first child;We will strengthen supervision and improvement of social services.