Study On The Livelihood Status Of Herders In Grassland And Wetland

Most of the grassland wetlands are located in high altitudes and cold regions.The ecological environment is extremely fragile and sensitive.The impact of climate change and human activities on it is much faster and more severe than in ordinary areas.In the early years,under the dual effects of global climate change and human activities,the ecological environment of grassland wetlands has undergone drastic changes,and a series of wetland and grassland shrinkage,desertification and salinization,runoff reduction,and ecosystem degradation have generally occurred.Ecological and environmental issues have a great impact on the sustainable economic development of the region and the ecological security of the river basin.At the same time,it also has a great impact on the livelihoods of herders living on grassland wetlands.In recent years,the advancement of modernization has accelerated the change of livelihoods in pastoral areas.With the country 's proposal of the national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin,the Yellow River Shouqu Grassland Wetland located in the first bay of the Yellow River has ushered in more changes,Good protection and development opportunities.The Shouqu Grassland Wetland of the Yellow River is an important ecological function area in the upper reaches of the Yellow River.It bears the strategic task of building a national security ecological barrier in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River.It is the core area of the Yellow River Shouqu grassland wetland.However,because many projects could not be implemented before this time,ecological compensation standards such as grassland awards,conversion of farmland to forests,and conversion of grazing land to grassland were low,and it was difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm and consciousness of herders in the region to participate in ecological protection,ecological protection and stable development.The contradictions between them are prominent,and they are in a dilemma of protecting the ecology and promoting income growth.Therefore,the grassland wetland herdsmen choose to adapt to livelihoods due to contradictions such as socioeconomic,ecological environment and natural resources,which is worth investigating.The author investigated the basic livelihoods of herdsmen in Awancang Town,Maqu County,in the Ququ grassland wetland ecological function area of the Yellow River,based on a sustainable livelihood analysis framework,combined with herdsmen survey data and interview data in Awancang Town The five types of livelihood capital including natural capital,material capital,financial capital,human capital,and social capital of herder households were defined,and the livelihood situation was analyzed.The survey results obtained indicated that the overall level of herdsmen's livelihoods in Awancang Township was low.The difference in capital is large,and livelihood capital is relatively fragile.Based on these aspects,thinking about the improvement of grassland herdsmen's livelihoods and sustainable development,and put forward several suggestions to provide references for the development of other grassland herdsmen.