Study On The Influence Of The Aging Population On The Consumption Structure Of The Residents In Heilongjiang Province

Although Heilongjiang entered the aging population later than the national level,there is a catch-up trend.In 2015,the natural growth rate of population has turned into a negative value,and the aging population level has exceeded the national level,and there is a problem of net migration of labor force.It can be said that Heilongjiang faces a more serious aging problem.How to reduce the negative impact of population aging on economic development becomes more urgent.The impact of population aging on economy is complex and diverse.This paper mainly studies the impact of population aging on the consumption structure of residents in Heilongjiang Province,so as to provide reference for the adjustment of industrial structure and optimization of the consumption structure of the elderly.There are also many factors influencing the consumption structure of residents,but most of them have little change or have no significant impact on the consumption structure.According to the past research,the age structure and income level of the population not only have a significant impact on the consumption structure,but also have a large momentum of change,so this article mainly analyzes from these two perspectives.Considering the difference between urban and rural consumption,this paper analyzes the consumption structure of urban and rural separately.With the increase of income level,consumption structure will be upgraded and there will be more consumption in enjoyment and spiritual life.The consumption characteristics and preferences of different age groups are different,and the aging population will have an impact on the consumption structure.Using the method of grey correlation analysis,it is found that the aging of urban population is still closely related to the expenditure of food and health care,excluding the impact of the increase of income level,but the increase of urban elderly population has a negative impact on the expenditure of education,culture,entertainment and clothing.Compared with cities,in addition to the aging population increasing the expenditure of rural population on health care,due to the narrowing of the income gap between urban and rural areas,the upgrading of consumption structure of rural residents in Heilongjiang is more obvious,which can be explained by the improvement of income level.The third part analyzes the aging process of Heilongjiang population from three aspects: the decline of birth rate,the increase of the elderly population and the emigration of the labor force population,and compares the changes of the age structure of Heilongjiang population at the national level.Although the aging is more serious and the speed is also accelerating,the labor force of Heilongjiang is increasing The proportion of dynamic population is still very high.We should seize the "demographic dividend period" to strengthen economic development and deal with the pressure of more serious population aging in the future.Secondly,in terms of income level,the income gap between urban and rural areas in Heilongjiang Province is decreasing,the per capita income in rural areas is catching up with the national average level,and the income growth of urban and rural residents is slower than the national level,and the characteristics of the change of consumption structure and consumption structure of urban and rural residents are described;the fourth part uses the analysis method of grey correlation degree to analyze the population of all ages in urban and rural areas in Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2017 By comparing the influence of income growth on consumption structure with the result of grey correlation degree,it is found that the aging population will certainly increase the proportion of health care expenditure in both urban and rural areas,and at the same time,it also analyzes the change of other kinds of consumption expenditure proportion of urban and rural residents.The last part is based on the conclusion of this paper is to put forward the policy of actively coping with the aging population from the perspective of satisfying the consumption and population policy of the elderly population.