On The Institutionalization Of Citizen Network Participation In Legislation

With the continuous upgrading of Internet technology,social life is being fully networked,informationized and platformized.With the help of network space,the new social relations are constantly reshaping the traditional participation mode and self-expression paradigm.The popularization of the Internet and the development of cyberspace have broadened the channels and breadth of people's political participation.In this context,public participation in legislation is no longer limited to the traditional offline participation mode,but is gradually networked and informationized.The mechanism of citizens' online participation in legislation based on the draft law for soliciting opinions set up by the standing committee of the National People's Congress(NPC)has adapted to the opportunities of the development of cyberspace and gradually become standardized and detailed while enhancing citizens' political interest and sense of political efficacy.Citizen network participation in legislation has a solid theoretical basis and great value of The Times.It not only meets the legislative rationality requirements of complex society,but also can effectively resolve the cognitive dilemma of complex society.Moreover,by providing new ways for citizens to participate in legislation,it ADAPTS to the legislative legitimacy and legitimacy requirements of the network society,and is conducive to solving the difficult problem of the relationship between reform and rule of law in the risk society.At present,the legislative mechanism of citizens' online participation is faced with the controversy whether it can truly pool public opinion,pool wisdom and build consensus.The empirical analysis of the operation status of the system of soliciting opinions on draft laws of the standing committee of the National People's Congress(NPC)shows that the effectiveness of citizens' network participation in legislation is not good,and there are many problems such as insufficient depth,low quality and unbalanced participation structure.Behind the current phenomenon that the legislation participates in the network operation is not good,there is a problem of insufficient institutionalization,which is mainly manifested in three aspects: first,at the level of legal system,the relevant legal provisions of citizens' network participation in legislation are too principled and lack of operability;The mechanism of legislative disclosure is not perfect;Citizen participation is not effective enough.Second,at the level of technology platform,there are a lot of technical barriers in terms of users' ease of use and convenience in the law solicitation system,which hinders citizens' enthusiasm for participation.Lack of interactivity in participation Settings,lack of public opinion exchange platform and feedback channels.Third,from the perspective of citizen ability,citizens still do not have strong political participation ability and legal knowledge reserve,and they lack sufficient political rationality.Therefore,it is difficult to input insightful rational criticism and opinions into the legislative system,and cannot substantially improve the scientificity and quality of legislation.To improve the mechanism of citizens' online participation in legislation,we should focus on bringing the solicitation and expression of legislative opinions into the track of institutionalization.From the perspective of improving the effectiveness of participation and ensuring the order of participation,the institutionalization of citizen network participation legislation includes two aspects: institutional construction and citizen normalized participation.On the one hand,it is necessary to build a network legislative participation system that meets the requirements of the current complex social governance in China,fix it in the form of laws or regulations,incorporate citizens' network participation legislation into legal adjustment,and form a legal,reasonable and orderly legislative participation order.On the other hand,from the perspective of ensuring the regular participation of citizens,the system should remove many technical obstacles in terms of users' ease of use and convenience,so as to enhance citizens' confidence and enthusiasm in the public solicitation of opinions for participating in the act.By improving the ability of citizens to participate and the degree of organization,the institutional consciousness of legislative participation is transformed from rigid external constraints to the inner identity of individual citizens.