The Study On Intervention Of Group Work To Enhance Self-Efficacy Of Empty Nester

With the progress of society and the improvement of medical level,the average life expectancy of people is prolonged.As well,the physical quality of the people is increasing progressively.Under the accelerating process of population aging,the family structure of our country tends to be miniaturized and core,and the quantity of empty nest families is growing.Besides maintaining basic material needs of daily life,the elderly also need which are effective to the development of physical and mental health,including the needs of esteem,the need for love or belonging,etc.In view of the empty nester,their spiritual demands are more prominent.Under the increasing proportion of empty nest families in our country,the psychological dilemma of empty nester is worth paying attention to.There will be changes in the physiological levels in old age,such as the decline of vision,the inconveniences of action,and the decrease of the metabolic rate.In the face of the deterioration of the physiological function,the elderly also need to face the psychological problems.First,the lack of happiness of a family union.The empty nester mostly lack opportunities to communicate with their families,in addition,their children are not living with.The elderly can not fully enjoy the happiness of a family union.Advanced medical technology can cure the physical diseases of the elderly,but the psychological trauma needs to be soothed.Second,the mood is lost.Empty nester's normal life became dull after their children were divorced from their original family.While the elderly have been adapted to the busy pace of life of caring for their children,their children's leaving makes them losing their service roles.As a result,they become spiritual void,which reduces their sense of self-respect.Third,the behavior is out of control.As living in lonely environment for long time,there are few ways for empty nester to seek help.In the case of difficulties,they have taken a radical coping style with the lack of effective emotional management and keep "old and useless".Overall,the above analysis show that it is necessary to enhance the self-efficacy of empty nester and increase their confidence so that they can face the empty nest life positively.Therefore,how to improve self-efficacy through social work methods is more valid.The paper is about the interventions of group work to enhance self-efficacy of empty nester.And the object of the study is the empty nester in H community of Wuhan.The relevant analysis is carried out by group work.Based on Bandura's Self-efficacy theory and social support theory,the paper uses four kinds of information sources as the main content of the design,including personal experience,alternative experience,verbal persuasion,physiological and emotional state.These sources of information can be used as appropriate interventions to turn to different group activity themes.Through the design of the previous group work plan,the implementation of the medium-term group work,and the evaluation of the group work in the later period,drawing the conclusion:Bandura's Self-efficacy theory can be applied to improve the self-efficacy of empty nesters in the group work;differences in the degree of promotion of self-efficacy among the elderly may be influenced by some factors.The internal factors include age,health of the elderly,etc;the external factors include social support networks,such as peer support,family support,community support.And author proposed some countermeasures and suggestions.At the end of the paper,the above research is summarized and prospected,so as to provide relevant reference for the following research.