The Effect Of Export Trade On The Gender Wage Gap In Urban China

The income distribution effect of export trade has always been a hot issue in the field of Internatioanl Trade Theory and empirical Research.Since reforming and opening,China has been closely involved in international division of labor and cooperation,and the scale of Export Trade continues to expand,which is and continue to be an important driving force for China's economic growth and improvement of income level.With the expansion of export trade and transformation of export mode,however,the gender wage gap is also expanding.Therefore,how to balance the expansion of exports and the equality of gender especially the gender wage has become the focus of extensive research.First of all,this paper gives a comprehensive overview about the impact of Export Trade on gender wage gap research and the decomposition methods of the gap home and abroad.Second,the theoretical basis,including the research of Neo-classical Trade Theory based on S-S theorem and Specific Factors Model,New Trade Theory based on imperfect market and the political economy of trade policy,New-New trade theory based on the dynamic general equilibrium model of heterogeneous enterprises,and the transmission mechanism,including the mechanism of technological progress,informal employment,commodity price and the labor demand elasticity,of export's influence on gender wage gap are presented,and then the theoretical model is constructed to analyse the effect of export trade on the gender wage gap.What's more,this paper makes statistical descriptions of the current situation of China's export trade and the gender wage gap.At last,this paper combines the microdata of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)in the year of 2010 and 2014 and with the relevant provincial macro data and carries out regression analyses to test the impact of export trade on the gender wage gap by successively the method of Ordinary Least Square(OLS)based on Mincer's wage equation,Two Stage Least Squares(2SLS)that use instrumental variables and the Unconditional Quantile Regression(Recentered Influence Function,RIF).In addition,this paper conductes the robustness tests using four major municipalities in China as samples.The results can be included in four aspects: firstly,the Export Tarde has certainly improved workers' wage level,but different gender benefit different.And China's Export Trade has expanded the gender wage gap originally,and can improve the state of a widening gender wage gap;secondly,the formation of gender wage gap is not only due to Export Trade,but also influenced by age,education level,working experience,political affiliation,skill level,marital status,occupation type,unit type,industry type and the area;thirdly,as a whole Export Trade's impacts on gender wage gap of formal and informal sectors are the same as the above situation,while has a powerful influence on the wage of formal sectors;fourthly,influence factors of gender wage gap can be divided into interpretable and uninterpretable parts.The proportion of the former,namely,the observable part that is made up of personal characteristics is small,and the latter,that is,the unobservable part,including discrimination,is the main factor.Finally,in the context of "quality imports and quality exports",this paper proposes related policies to alleviate the gender wage gap in China's urban labor market by improving the structure and quality of export commodities.