Research On Spatial Patterns Evolution Of Rural Settlements And Influencing Factors In The Shiyang River Basin

The spatial-temporal evolution of rural settlements is a long-term rural residential location selection process under the influence of natural factors,location factors,and socio-economic factors.In recent years,with the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization,the disparity between urban and rural areas has continued to widen.At the same time,the expansion of urban areas due to the urbanization process has led to large-scale occupation of cultivated land,and the layout of its own development in rural areas has been fragmented,disproportionate,and chaotic.In order to invade cultivated land,“empty waste”,poor infrastructure,environmental damage and environmental pollution during the construction of residential areas,the state has proposed major strategic measures such as social attention to new rural construction and new-type urbanization.In this context,studying the spatial-temporal evolution,spatial pattern and forming mechanism of rural settlements has important practical significance for the country to formulate rural development policies according to local conditions,coordinate urban and rural development,and promote the integration process of urban and rural areas.In this paper,96 townships in the Shiyang River Basin are taken as the research area,based on the temporal and spatial distribution of rural residential areas extracted from the 1987,2001,and 2016 three-phase remote sensing images by visual interpretation,and comprehensively using GIS spatial statistical analysis and landscape patterns.The index and other research methods have analyzed the spatial distribution pattern,spatial and temporal evolutionary trends,scale,and morphological structure of rural residential areas in the Shiyang River Basin from 1987 to 2016,and explored the influence of natural factors and socio-economic factors on the distribution of rural residential areas,and reached the following conclusions:(1)In terms of the scale of residential area expansion,from 1987 to 2016,the number of patches,patch area,and average patch area of rural residential areas in the Shiyang River Basin increased,with an increase of 867,82.38 km2,and 5197 m2,respectively;Among them,the most significant increase was in Liangzhou District,where the number of plaques increased by 397,the patch area increased by 31.62 km2,and the average patch area increased by 136.6 km2.Rural residential areas have different growth patterns at different stages.Before 2001,the increase in the number of patches in rural residential areas dominated the overall scale of rural residential areas in the entire region;after 2001,the patch itself expanded to four weeks relative to new-spots on the basis of the original scale.In the block,the former has become a factor that has led to the expansion of the total size of patches in rural residential areas in the Shiyang River Basin.There are obvious spatial differences in the scale expansion of rural residential areas in the Shiyang River Basin.(2)With regard to the characteristics of residential land use scale,from 1987 to 2016,the land use characteristics of rural residential land in the Shiyang River Basin showed an obvious skewed character.The patch land size was concentrated at 2×104 m2-13×104.Between m2,less than 10% of the scale is greater than 50×104 m2.The patch size was characterized by global low-value clustering,the hotspot area gradually expanded,and the cold spot area gradually decreased.The patch size has spatially significant characteristics of large-scale low-density and small-scale high-density distribution.(3)In the morphological characteristics of patches in residential areas,from 1987 to 2016,the complexity,fragmentation,and plaque morphology of the rural settlements in the Shiyang River Basin were consistent with the characteristics of patch size expansion,and were newly established in 1987-2001.When the increase in the number of rural residential areas became the dominant point for the expansion of residential areas throughout the region,its patch complexity decreased,fragmentation decreased,and patch morphology tended to be regular;from 2001 to 2016,the scale itself expanded to become the leading research area in rural areas.With the expansion of residential area scale,the complexity and fragmentation of the patch increase with the scale of the patch itself.(4)The Shiyang River Basin is located in the northwest arid inland area.The total area of the basin is about 4.05 km2,and the domestic conditions vary greatly,making the layout of rural residential areas affected by many factors such as natural,social,economic and humanities.Among them,rivers,topography,cities,population growth,economic growth,government policies,and historical evolution have become the most significant factors affecting the layout of rural residential areas.