The Relationship Between Training Load And Physiological State Of Elite Female Rowers In The Last Year Of Rio Olympic Period

Purpose: The study aimed to monitor the training load and the variations of physiological state over in the last year of Rio Olympic Period of elite female rowers.Through exploring the relationship between training load and physiological state,helping coaches formulate corrected planning and serving as the significant competitions in the future.Methods: 1.Subjects: 8 double sculls national female rowers who are prepare for the2016 Olympic Games.2.Reacher plan: There are 3 stages(41weeks).The first stage of athlete training was October 26 th 2015 to February 27 th 2016(winter training stage.18w),which was a important stage to develop aerobic ability,training volume was relatively large,but the intensity was low.The second stage of athlete training was February 28 th 2016 to May 30 th 2016,which was the second stage of athletes training(preparing for the second leg of the World Cup stage,13 weeks),training intensity increased and the amount of training decreased in this stage.The proportion of special training also increased.The third stage of athlete training was May 31st2016 to August 7th 2016(the pre-competition stage of the Olympic Games,10 weeks),the main target is to optimize competitive ability and improve sports performance.The overall training volume is high,when the time is near the competition,the training intensity increased.The tests indexes of training load include training volume and training intensity.The heart rate was measured by Polar meter(Finland).The blood lactic acid was measured by EKF-C-Line GPP blood lactate analyzer(Germany).The physiological state indexes included hemoglobin(HB),Blood Urea(BU),Serum Creatine Kinase(CK).The measuring instruments were POCH100 i three classification blood cell analyzer(Japan)and Reflotron Sprint three-channel dry biochemical analyzer.Testosterone(T)and Cortisol(C)test instrument were Beckman Coulter Access 2 Immunoassay System Analyzer.Results: 1.During the 3-stage,the average training time for strength were236±116min/w,111±98min/w,127±66min/w 149±105min/w respectively.The average training time for flexibility were 204±73min/w,127±66 min/w,90±23min/wrespectively.The distance for sport-specific training were 180±43km/w,171±65km/w,188±90km/w respectively.In the first stage,the proportion of water,dynamometer and running training were 73.8%,19.5%,6.1% respectively.In the second stage,the proportion of water,dynamometer and running training were 90.8%,4.3%,4.9% respectively.In the third stage,the proportion of water,dynamometer and running training were 80.2%,18.8%,0.9% respectively.The proportion of Utilisation2 intensity were 98.89%,98%,98.98% respectively.2.During the 3-stage,theaverage of Hb were 139.42±8.94 g/L,142.81±4.99g/L,138.63±10.74g/L respectively.The average of BU were 5.63±0.67mmol/l,5.54±0.67mmol/l,5.57±0.62mmol/l respectively.The average of CK were 189.82±64.57 u/L,167.59±41.07 u/L,191.55±80.08 u/L,respectively.In the stage of winter training and before the Olympic Games,the average of T were 53.68±6.89ng/dl and 61.22±9.09ng/dl,the average ofC were 18.55±3.2ng/dl and 15.21±0.23ng/dl,the average of T/C were 3.01±0.58ug/dl and 4.01±0.56 ug/dl.3.There was a moderate negative correlation between HB and strength training time of female rowers(P<0.01),R=-0.532(P<0.01).HB increased 17.5%,21.2% before the competitions,there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01).There was a weak negative correlation between CK andsport-specific training volume,strength training time of female rowers CK,R value were 0.34 and 0.35,(P<0.05).Comparing the prime value and two times competition's value,BU decreased 18.4%,4.4% respectively.CK decreased 38.3%,30.5% respectively.In the end of winter training,C increased 35.5%,T/C decreased32.0%,there was a very significant difference(P < 0.01).In the end of pre-competition stage of the Olympic Games,T and T/C increased 20.2% and 3.8%,respectively.Conclusion: 1.The training load structure of elite female rowers preparing for the Rio Olympic finals presented a "pyramid" pattern.During the winter training stage and the preparation for the Olympic Games' training load volume was large,and training was low.Besides the winter training stage was carried out a mount of strength training.While the in the second stage,the training volume was low relatively,but the training intensity was high.2.In different training stages,there were significant differences in the general indexes of reaction function,and the change of functional state was closely related to the change of training load.