A Study On The Cultivation Of Mathematical Reasonable Inference Ability In Higher Grades Of Elementary School Pupils

The emphasis on the ability of students' reasonable inference has become the trend of curriculum reform in many developed countries.The primary school mathematics curriculum standards in China also require the development of this ability.What kind of level does the elementary school upper grader's ability to make reasonable reasoning look like? How does the mathematics teacher of the elementary school upper grade develop the ability of reasoning ability in classroom teaching?This article investigates and tests the senior students of two elementary schools in Ningbo and finds that: the level of the students' reasoning in the upper grades is overall lower;the sixth graders in the primary school have a higher reasoning ability than the fifth grade students;The ability of emotional reasoning is significantly related to the interest in mathematics learning;the ability of students to reason with reasoning is more relevant to the teacher's training in the classroom;gender has little effect on students' ability to reason.In order to understand the current situation of teacher's plausible reasoning teaching,the method of plausible reasoning,and the appropriateness of the use of plausible reasoning,we observe four classes in each of the three classes of the elementary school high school concept lesson,rules lesson,and problem solving lesson.The results show that the proportion of high-level reasoning teaching is low in the entire classroom teaching;the proportion of reasonable class reasoning teaching in the three types of classes is the highest,followed by the concept lesson,and the problem-solving lesson is the lowest,including the concept lesson Most of them are presented in the form of “deduction”,and the rule-based reasoning teaching is superficial;the degree of connection between the teaching and the teaching goal is good,and the clarity of the teacher in the process of cultivating reasonable reasoning is relatively clear,but the evaluation method of student guessing is Improper,the mode of training is relatively simple and the timing of reasonable reasoning is not very good.In light of the students' ability of level of reasoning and the current state of teaching and training,the following suggestions are proposed: Infiltration of the appropriate reasoning in different types of teaching;Teachers should change the teaching concepts,strengthen the penetration of perceptual thinking and methods Guidance;do a good job in the connection and structure of knowledge,help students form a complete knowledge system;enrich the evaluation system of students' ability to reason,improve students' interest in mathematics learning;guide students to pay attention to self-monitoring and self-reflection,improve students Reasonable reasoning ability development.