Study On Assessment Of Fatigue And Recovery Of Sprinters In Aerobic And Anaerobic Exercise

Purposes:In order to explore the characteristics of physiological changes about aerobic fatigue?anaerobic fatigue and recovery in all-out exercise,we assess aerobic and anaerobic fatigue and observe the character of recovery by the application methods of sEMG and gas metabolism analyzer on college high level man sprinters,to provide a theoretical basis for the training of sprinters.Methods:12 male sprinters of Dalian University of Technology as subjects take part in3 all-out tests include 30s Wingate test and incremental load test on bicycle(cycling VO_2maxmax test)and treadmill(treadmill VO_2max test).The surface electromyographic signals of 8 muscles of each athlete's right lower limb were recorded and the changes of gas metabolism were collected simultaneously during exercise and 3 minutes after exercise.Result:?1?The cycling VO_2max test is aerobic fatigue assessment.The 30s Wingate test is anaerobic fatigue assessment.The 30s Wingate test tidal volume,absolute oxygen uptake,relative oxygen uptake,and carbon dioxide exhalation are significantly lower than the bicycle VO_2max test.The respiratory rate is significantly higher than that of the bicycle VO_2maxmax test.And these indicators in 30s Wingate test accounted for 79%-94%of those maximum value in the cycling VO_2max test.?2?Peak power showed the trend of rising first and then decreasing,and occured at 10s of the test in the 30s Wingate test.But the oxygen uptake shows the opposite trend with gradually increases,and reaches the maximum value at the25-30s in the 30s Wingate test.?3?The Mean Power Frequency?MPF?of the 8 muscles was first rise and then fall in the 30s Wingate test.The MPF of the 8 muscles in the final fatigue phase of the cycling VO_2max test showed a slowly decreasing trend.The value of the MPF during the 30s Wingate test was always higher than that of the final fatigue phase of the cycling VO_2maxmax test.?4?The MPF of 8 muscles showed a slowly rising or steady trend before the ventilation anaerobic threshold?VT?,and followed by a slowly rising trend after VT in the VO_2maxmax test on cycleling and treadmill,and there is a clear turning point in the MPF of some muscles at VT.?5?After 3 minutes of test recovery,in the 30s Wingate test subjects'tidal volume,minute ventilation,CO₂ exhalation,respiratory exchange rate,and oxygen ventilation were significantly higher than those index in the bicycle VO_2max test.During the 3 minute recovery period,the oxygen uptake of the 30s Wingate test was consistently higher than that of the bicycle VO_2max test after approximately 35 seconds,with no significant difference in heart rate.Conclusion:?1?The sprinter's gas metabolism and cardiopulmonary responses during short-term high-intensity exercise are close to the VO_2max test index.?2?The characteristics of muscle fatigue of sprinters during short-term high-intensity exercise are significantly reduced,and muscle fatigue is slowly decreasing during the final stage of fatigue of maximal aerobic exercise.?3?When the sprinter transitions from aerobic fatigue to anaerobic fatigue,the function of the body transitions from aerobic energy supply to anaerobic energy supply for glycolysis,which may involve the supply of energy to fast muscle fibers in the muscle.?4?The recovery of sprinters after aerobic fatigue is faster than that after anaerobic fatigue.Attention should be paid to the intermittent recovery time during exercise training to avoid excessive fatigue or injury.