Trust,Network And Norm:Social Work Intervention And The Generating Logic Of Loss-of-only-child Organization

In the early 1980s,China's family planning policy forcedly controlled the population,which inhibited the growth rate of the population to a certain extent,and enabled the long-term development of our economy.However,at the same time,due to certain irresistible risks,a series of loss-of-only-child families have emerged.They are faced with mental and material difficulties such as physical and mental grief,economic difficulties,lack of social security,social disruption,and difficulty in social integration.In addition to the economic compensation and legal guarantees of government departments,social work also provides necessary social services to the loss-of-only-child group in terms of spiritual culture and social integration.It is widely observed that social workers adopt voluntary organizations such as "Loss-of-only-child Organization" to serve the loss-of-only-child group indirectly in the practice of service.A few of them are aborted,while the others can be successfully formed and become an indispensable force for self-help and mutual aid,which played an important role in improving the existing situation,establishing support networks,and integrating into community space for the loss-of-only-child group.In this regard,through the research on three loss-of-only-child group service projects in Shanghai,this paper finds that all of them have formed a loss-of-only-child organization when serving the loss-of-only-child group,but the formation process,existing status and practical results of each loss-of-only-child organization are different.The core question that stimulates our attention is:How do the loss-of-only-child organizations of different characteristics and different conditions grow?What is the localization and appropriate strategy adopted in social work for this particular group?Based on the theory of social capital,this paper deeply explores the generation logic of the loss-of-only-child organization in the three projects A,B and C from the three dimensions of "trust recognition","support network"and "long-term mechanism",and summarizes them into three mode:Excessive autonomy mode with low trust recognition,low support network and low long-term mechanism;Acquaintance dependence mode with high trust recognition,medium support network and medium long-term mechanism;Professional guidance mode with high trust recognition,high support network and high long-term mechanism.Meanwhile,the dynamic process of social work intervention and loss-of-only-child organization is presented Through combing and analyzing the three cases,it is found that social work intervention is based on the following three local strategies,they are:Identity refactoring,that is,breaking the pattern of differential help and establishing a persistent trust relationship;The mutual aid of homogenous groups,that is,breaking through the home-centered cultural background and building a reciprocal support network;The guidance of the backbone forces,that is,the integration of active resources and the construction of a long-term normative mechanism.Finally,through the comparative analysis of process of the loss-of-only-child organization in the three regions and the action strategies of social work intervention,the paper further reflects on the local service model of the lost individual groups,and meanwhile,puts forward some suggestions and thoughts from three aspects of government departments,social work and individual organizations.