Exploration And Application Of Discovery Method Based On Cognitive Structure Theory In Practical Teaching

Vocational and technical education adheres to the educational concept of "competency-based" and takes the training of technical and technical talents as the goal.Therefore,in view of the actual situation of secondary vocational school students and students learning,teachers in vocational schools to explore how to improve the teaching effect in practical teaching is one of the important topics facing.Cognitive structure theory is a learning theory to construct students' knowledge system,which can effectively improve students' cognitive level.Discovery method is a teaching method to promote students' subjective initiative,and can effectively improve students' learning interest.Therefore,the application of the theory of human-knowledge structure and the discovery method in practical training course teaching is studied,and the practical training course of integrated design of photovoltaic devices is taken as an example to explore the course design,teaching mode and effect evaluation,so as to provide a new teaching method of practical training course for teachers of new energy secondary vocational schools.Based on the concept,connotation and characteristics of the cognitive structure theory and the discovery method,this paper analyzes the combinability and particularity of the cognitive structure theory and the discovery method,and discusses the feasibility of the application of the combination of the two in the practical teaching from two aspects of the teaching object and the practical teaching mode.The discovery method based on cognitive structure theory is applied to practical teaching,and a new teaching mode of "content telling,problem introducing,scheme proposing,practice exploring and skill improving" is put forward.By applying the new practical teaching mode to practical teaching,taking the practical training of integrated design of photovoltaic devices as an example,83 students participating in the practical training course were selected as the research object to explore the effect of applying the discovery method based on the cognitivestructure theory to practical teaching.After introducing the practical course content of integrated design of photovoltaic devices,the ideas of cognitive structure theory and discovery method are integrated into the course content.Based on the integration of the curriculum structure and the understanding of the students' original cognitive structure,the practical teaching design is carried out,aiming at organically combining the curriculum structure with the students' original cognitive structure.With the discovery method as the catalyst,the cognitive structure of students is constantly improved and their subjective initiative is stimulated.The research results show that students are able to propose solutions and carry out practical exploration to solve problems when they encounter problems,so as to stimulate students' innovation consciousness and improve their skills.In photovoltaic devices integrated design practical teaching,according to the theory of cognitive structure theory as the guide,give priority to in order to find method to task driving method and objective evaluation method is complementary,and collected the information about training effect and data,then has carried on the analysis and integration,the knowledge structure,learning motivation,problem solving,practice four aspects the conclusion of the harvest.In terms of knowledge structure,students' mastery rate of theoretical knowledge increased from 15.79% to 43.26%.In terms of learning motivation,91.89% of the students are driven by interest.In terms of problem solving,only 56.76% of the students adopt independent inquiry to solve problems.Teachers should adopt appropriate strategies to encourage students to solve problems independently.In terms of practical training,students' mastery rate of theoretical knowledge and professional skills is as high as 90.07%.In order to better apply the practical training result of the case to the practical training in vocational colleges,the corresponding differences between the practical training in the comprehensive design of photovoltaic devices and the practical training in vocational colleges are analyzed.Therefore,the exploration and application of cognitive structure theory and discovery method in the practical training of integrated design of photovoltaic devices is of great significance for promoting students' active learning,improving students' innovative thinking and improving teaching effect.The new teaching model can be used for reference in practical teaching in vocational colleges.