The Study On The Changes Of Gender Differences In The Access To Higher Education In China

The paper studies the changes in gender differences in access to higher education in China by adopting indicators such as enrolment rates and gender parity index since the reform and opening up.The results show that male students have more opportunities for higher education enrollment than female students before 2010;Female students have more opportunities for higher education enrollment than male students after 2010.In different types of colleges,the ordinary undergraduate institutions and junior colleges,the opportunity for admission gradually changed from more male than female student to more female than male student,women have an advantage in these two types of colleges.In different subjects,although the pattern that men choose engineering and women choose literature still exists,and it is more obvious in ordinary universities,but it has eased,the distribution of subjects for male and female students has gradually widened.In urban and rural areas,the degree of gender inequality in early rural areas was more serious than urban areas,after 2000,the gender differences in urban and rural areas gradually approached;In different types of colleges,the trends of changes in gender differences in access opportunities to higher education for urban and rural students are similar;In the selection of subjects,the distribution patterns of male and female students in urban and rural areas are basically the same;In the selection of professional,urban male students have occupying a higher proportion in popular professions,and rural female students have been in a disadvantaged position.This paper aims to sort out the changing trajectory of gender differences in the opportunities for higher education admission in China,analyze the reasons for the changes,and propose corresponding policies from the government,school,family,and individual levels.