| Object:To understand the detection and characteristics of school bullying and non-suicidal self-injury among middle school students in Nanchang,and explore the characteristics of their help-seeking behavior,including their willingness to seek help,the objects of help-seeking and the ways of seeking help.Finally,to analyze the impact of the characteristics of middle school students'help-seeking behavior on school bullying and NSSI.Methods:This study is a current survey.Three complete Middle Schools in Nanchang City(Affiliated Middle School of Nanchang University,Wanli No.1 Middle School and Hongdu Middle School)were selected as the investigation sites,and junior and senior high school students were selected as the subjects.Among them,the secondary school affiliated to Nanchang University is located in Qingshan Lake District,the first one in Wanli District,and the Hongdu Middle School in Qingyunpu District.By using self-made general situation questionnaire,non-suicidal self-injury determination items,Olweus bullying questionnaire and self-made middle school students bullying and help-seeking behavior characteristics questionnaire,4875 students from the above three middle schools were investigated on the spot.EpiData 3.1 software is used to input data,and SPSS22.0 is used to process and analyze data.Result:(1)About bullyingIn the past year,748 of 4434 middle school students surveyed had been bullied,with a reporting rate of 16.9%,and 255 students bullied others,with a reporting rate of 5.8%.The reporting rate of bullies was 2.2%(96/4434),13.3%(589/4434)and 3.6%(159/4434)respectively.The report of bullying on campus was correlated with age,gender,residence,only child,parents'educational level and academic achievement(all P<0.001).(2)About NSSIIn the past year,the number of non-suicide self-injuries among 4434 students surveyed was 1477,with a detection rate of 33.3%.Among them,the detection rate of female students was 37.1%(821/2215),and that of male students was 29.6%(656/2219).The detection rate of non-suicidal self-injury of female students was higher than that of male students(?~2=28.088,P<0.001).(3)About Help-seeking BehaviorHigh school students'scores of bullying and help-seeking(8.00±1.38)were higher than those of junior high school students(7.74±1.65)(P<0.001).Whether they were high school students or junior high school students,the girls'willingness to help was higher than that of boys(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the willingness to ask for help between rural household registration students and urban household registration students(P=0.381).The single-child's willingness to help(7.76±1.52)is less than that of non-only children(7.88±1.55)(P=0.039).The only child who was bullied was more willing to ask the parents and the teachers in the campus counseling room for help than the non-only child(P<0.001).The scores of other help-being behaviors were not statistically different among the only children(P>0.05).Rural household registration students were more reluctant to ask for help from teachers in the campus counseling room than those in urban household registration(P<0.001),but preferred to seek help from their immediate brothers and sisters(P<0.001).Compared with rural household registration middle school students,urban household registration students prefer to use the paper to write(or write a note)(P=0.002)and electronic text information(P=0.020)for help.The choice of help-seeking method is based on face-to-face conversation and call.The only child who is bullied(3.39±1.16)is more likely to use the face-to-face conversation to seek help than the non-only child(3.26±1.17)(P<0.01).There were statistically significant differences in the choice of subjects and methods between grades and gender(P<0.01 or P<0.001).(4)The Relationship between Help-seeking Behavior and BullyingAmong 729 bullied students,38.8%(283/729)turned to others for help after being bullied.Among them,206 junior high school students were bullied,the rate of being bullied was 43.2%(206/477),77 senior high school students were bullied,the rate of being bullied was 30.6%(77/252),junior high school students were bullied higher than senior high school students(?~2=11.076,P<0.01).In terms of gender differences,the bullied help-seeking rate of boys was 34.6%(159/459),while that of girls was 45.9%(124/270),and the bullied help-seeking rate of girls was higher than that of boys(?~2=9.116,P<0.01).The results of the single factor regression model showed that the higher the willingness to ask for help,the higher the willingness to ask for help from the teachers,parents,grandparents,direct brothers and sisters,other relatives,class teachers,and other class teachers and classmates in the campus counseling room.The higher the score for conversation,phone call and paper writing,the lower the likelihood of being bullied(both P<0.001).Multi-factor regression analysis after controlling variables such as gender,grade,household registration,whether only child,parental education,family economic status,parental scolding,parental corporal punishment,academic achievement and academic burden showed that they were willing to go to the campus counseling room.Teacher(OR=0.911,95%CI:0.840,0.988,P=0.024),father and mother(OR=0.889,95%CI:0.822~0.962,P=0.003)and immediate siblings(OR=0.931,95%CI:0.868~0.999,P=0.046)Help is an independent protection factor for bullying.(5)The Relationship between Help-seeking Behavior and NSSIThe results of univariate regression model showed that the higher the scores of willingness to seek help,teachers,parents,grandparents,siblings,other relatives,head teachers and other teachers and classmates willing to talk face to face,the higher the scores of willingness to seek help,the lower the risk of NSSI(all P<0.001).Multivariate regression model after controlling factors such as gender,grade,household registration,parental scolding,parental corporal punishment,academic achievement and academic burden showed that the willingness to seek help from father and mother was an independent protective factor for NSSI behavior(OR=0.934,95%CI:0.878~0.994,P=0.032).Conclusion:1.The reporting rate of bullying on campus of middle school students in Nanchang City is higher,and there are statistical differences in gender and grade.2.The detection rate of non-suicide self-injury of middle school students in Nanchang City is higher,and the detection rate of girls is higher than that of boys.3.The willingness of middle school students to be bullied to seek help,the object of seeking help and the way of seeking help are statistically different in gender and grade;after being bullied,the students in junior middle school have statistical differences in the way of seeking help and the way of seeking help.Students'help-seeking rate is higher than that of high school students,and girls'help-seeking rate is higher than that of boys;4.Willing to ask for help from teachers,parents and siblings in the campus counseling room is the protective factor of bullying;5.Willing to ask for help from father and mother is the protective factor of NSSI. |
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