Research On China's International Competitiveness In Education Services Trade And Its Courntermeasures

Since the 1980s,the trend of economic globalization has been developing rapidly and the exchanges of world trade have been continuously strengthened.Driven by the wave of international economic integration and trade liberalization,international trade in education services has increasingly become an important emerging field of international trade in services,and a new growth point of trade in some developed countries.Since China joined the World Trade Organization(WTO)in 2001,Chinese domestic educational institutions have faced strong international competition in the global education service market.At present.China has a huge deficit in the trade in education service.Based on this background,this paper aims at seeking a new path to enhance China's trade performance in education service.Under the basic framework of WTO's General Agreement on Trade in Services,by comprehensively analyzing the current situation of China's trade in education services,international competitiveness and its influencing factors,the author has made relevant thoughts and suggestions on how to enhance China's competitiveness of trade in education services from the perspective of educational development.The paper first introduces the basic concepts of trade in educational services,four modes of supply,GATS framework of rules and commitment,China's commitment in terms of market access,as well as Porter Diamond Theory.Next,the paper analyzes the current situation of China's trade in education service through the four modes of supply.When it comes to Cross-border Supply,China has done well in establishing free,open online courses.However,with respect to the distance education that collects tuition,China's trade deficit always exists.In terms of Consumption Abroad imports sector,the number of international students coming to China has steadily increased.However,in terms of exports,China has become one of the largest exporters of international students,resulting in a large trade deficit.In terms of Commercial Presence,while accelerating the development of Sino-foreign cooperative education in the mainland,China also needs to strengthen supervision over its quality management.Finally,in terms of the Presence of Natural Persons,China is focusing more on the "high-caliber talents" than ever before,focusing on attracting high-end talents that meet the needs of national strategic development.In terms of talent output,the most representative one is the "International Chinese Teacher Volunteer Program" developed by the Confucius Institute Headquarters(Hanban)in 2004.Based on the current situation,the paper uses international competitiveness TC index calculation and grey correlation research to evaluate the trade performance of China and some other developed countries in the Consumption Abroad sector.As shown from the results.Australia has a clear competitive advantage,followed by the United States.Canada,Italy and China.China has a weak competitive advantage in the international education service market and has a trade deficit.Furthermore,the paper extracts 11 indicators from the five elements of Porter Diamond Theory(production factor,demand factors.related and supporting industries.corporate strate(gy)organization and competition,government)and further analyze the factors affecting China's trade in education services using grey relational calculation method.It is concluded that China's current educational resources and funding constraints its development of Consumption Abroad sector of educational service trade and reflects the administrative inefficiency of Chinese universities and inefficient use of production factors.Finally,this paper provides relevant thinking and policy recommendations on how to improve the competitiveness of China's education services in the new era.The author believes that the deficit in education service trade is only a result.The core of it is that China's education competitiveness is weak in the international market.Thus,more attention needs to be paid to China's education development and education innovation.In the countermeasures,the focus is on improving the current situation of education and education service industry in China by changing the allocation model of educational resources,deepening the reform of educational system and mechanism,improving the support system of international education services,and strengthening the competitiveness of education services exports.