Study On The Characteristics Of Pre-competition Training Cycle Of Young Kayak Athletes In Yantai

In order to clarify the periodic characteristics of pre-competition training of young kayakers in Yantai City,this paper adopts the method of follow-up investigation,combines expert interviews and logical analysis,carries out statistical analysis of training plans of young kayakers in group A and group B in Yantai City in the first five weeks of competition,and systematically analyses the pre-competition rhythm,training content and training load of young kayakers in Yantai City.The results show that:(1)Before the competition,the training period of Yantai young kayak group A and group B athletes is 5 weeks,and they are divided into three stages.The first stage is basic training week,i.e.week 1-3,which is the stage of introducing training before competition;the second stage is pre-competition training week,i.e.week 4,which is the stage of adapting and adjusting physical function before competition;and the third stage is competition week,i.e.week 5,which is the stage of adjusting athletes' best competitive state.(2)There are two kinds of training methods for quick strength and explosive power of group A and group B athletes,which are more than that of group B athletes.Among the special pre-competition training methods,the main training methods chosen by coaches for group A and group B athletes are technical frequency conversion,technical endurance and competition intensity.(3)There are similarities and differences between group A and group B athletes in the content and characteristics of training load before competition.Similarities: The training of group A and group B athletes is based on special training,and the training of technical planning focuses on the intensity of competition,showing the combination of training and competition;both pay attention to the combination of special muscle strength training and aerobic technology,reflecting the combination of technology and strength;both emphasize the aerobic recovery mode,develop athletes' Sports ability comprehensively,and compare with each other.The combination of training and recovery is reflected before the competition.Different points: The focus of pre-competition strength training is differentbetween group A athletes and group B athletes.Group A athletes mainly develop and improve their fast strength and explosive power,while group B athletes mainly maintain their endurance strength and improve their fast strength and explosive power as appropriate.In pre-competition special training,the two training focuses are different,and coaches pay attention to the special speed training of group A athletes.And pay attention to the special technical training of group B athletes.(4)The rhythm of pre-competition group A and group B athletes' water training is wavy as a whole.Both tend to approach the phenomenon of double peaks,and the peak load of group A athletes appears in the middle and back of the whole pre-competition training period,while the peak load of group B athletes appears in the front and middle of the whole pre-competition training period.The overall training rhythm of group A athletes before competition is "medium,small,large,medium and small",while that of group B athletes before competition is "medium,small,large,small and small".(5)In the pre-competition training,one heavy load,two medium load,two small load training weeks,one small load intensity,two medium load intensity and two heavy load intensity are arranged for group A athletes,with medium and heavy training load as the main arrangement;one large load,one medium load quantity,three small load quantity and two small load intensity are arranged for group B athletes.2 medium load intensity and 1 heavy load intensity,mainly with small and medium intensity training load arrangement.The conclusion is:(1)At present,Yantai Canoeing Team usually divides into three small training stages(basic training week,pre-competition training week,competition week)when preparing for provincial competitions.Generally,one week(competition week)is used to adjust the arrangement time of Pre-competition training.Personally,I think these three stages can be used during the pre-competition,short-term and medium-term training period.(2)At present,it seems that the pre-competition quality training methods and special training methods of Yantai young kayak group A and group B athletes are similar as a whole,showing diversity.There are differences between group A andgroup B in the training methods of fast strength and explosive power.Personally,with the increase of athletes' age,coaches should increase the corresponding proportion when choosing the training methods of fast strength and explosive power.(3)During the preparation period of young kayakers,special training methods are emphasized in the pre-competition training,which reflects the coordination and collocation of technical,strength and competition characteristics.However,with the increase of athletes' age and the different characteristics of individual physical function,the load adjustment of strength quality training and special training should be increased or reduced appropriately.(4)There are differences in load arrangement between group A and group B athletes in pre-competition training.In the whole pre-competition training cycle,the overall training rhythm should be grasped to ensure that the peak period of athletes' exercise load appears in the middle of the pre-competition training cycle.However,the proportion of load should be arranged according to the different characteristics of athletes' sports.(5)The pre-competition training arrangement of young kayak group A and group B athletes in Yantai City shows obvious periodicity.From the pre-competition training means and content arrangement of the two groups of athletes,the distribution of load levels in each training stage presents different characteristics,and the proportion of special training is the largest.In the implementation of the pre-competition training plan,the focus is on the development of aerobic endurance training,supplemented by anaerobic endurance and mixed oxygen capacity training.