A Historical Study Of The Universitization Of Teacher Education In Ontario,Canada(1840s To Late 20th Century)

In 1847,Ontario established the first nornial school under the leadership of Ryerson,the last teachers' college in Ontario was merged into the university in1979.For more than a hundred years,Ontario's teacher education has evolved from a government-driven post-secondary education to a multi-level higher education in the comprehensive university.Reviewing the process of the universitization of teacher education in Ontario,there have been noticeable changes in teacher training,which not only roughly restored the face of Teacher Education in different periods,but also reflected the change of the focus of Teacher Education in the process of universitization.Examining the history of the university-based teacher education in Ontario and paying attention to the changes of admission standards,training objectives and curriculum settings of teachers'educational institutions,then drawing lessons from their experience will also be beneficial to the ongoing reform of normal schools in China.Therefore,the main contents of this paper include the following three aspects:Firstly,taking the major events in teacher education institutions in different periods as the turning points,the development of Ontario teacher education from 1847 to 1979 was divided into three stages:The initial stage of teacher education(1840s to early 20th century)?The embryonic period of universitization of teacher education(early 20th century to 1950s)and The universitization of teacher education(1960s to late 20th century).Secondly,the paper analyzed the development background of Teacher Education in three stages,it also reviewed the development of teacher education in Ontario from the perspective of the admission standards,training objectives and curriculum,and analyzed the relationship between universities and teachers' education institutions in different stages.In the initial stage of teacher education were mainly government-driven normal schools and constantly changing secondary school teacher training institutes;the teacher education institutions in the embryonic period of universitization were the teacher college and the Ontario College of Education,which were gradually involved in the university;during the period of universitization,universities began to grasp the right of teacher education management,teachers' education was undertaken in the comprehensive universities by the faculty of education or colleges of Education.Teacher training institutions at different stages have different trainings for teachers.Finally,based on the historical process of the universitization of teacher education in Ontario,our country's teacher education can draw lessons from the following experience from its training:Keep pace with the times,to ensure the baseline of enrollment and selection;Follow with demand,to formulate clear and reasonable training objectives,and combine with practice,to optimize the teacher education curriculum system constantly.