A Comparative Study Of The Structure Of High School Geography Textbooks Based On ISM Method In Different Periods

Curriculum standards are the basis for the compilation of geography textbooks.With the promulgation of the 2017 edition of the curriculum standards,the current high school geography textbooks are facing new changes.Geography teaching material is an important part of geography classroom teaching and geography curriculum reform.In the past 40 years since the reform and opening up to the outside world,the geography teaching materials of our country have been continuously developed in succession and innovated in the development.The selection,expression and organization of the knowledge contents of the teaching materials have to some extent reflected the requirements and concepts of the curriculum reform.The publication of the first set of high school geography textbooks for national use in 1982 has a milestone significance in the history of the development of geography textbooks.The promulgation of the first compulsory Education Law in 1986 marked the beginning of a new period of basic education in China.Under this reform,the Geography of Senior Middle School textbooks(compulsory Book 1)was published in 1990.In the 21st century,the Ministry of Education promulgated the Curriculum Reform of basic Education(outline).Under the guidance of the outline,the official edition of"Geography of full-time Senior Middle School textbooks" was published in 2003.General Senior High School Curriculum Standard Experimental textbook Geography 1 compulsory was published in 2008.Reviewing the characteristics of the compilation of geography textbooks since China's reform and opening up is conducive to summing up the past,looking to the future,inheriting the advantages,and making up for the shortcomings.This paper takes the section "atmosphere(or" atmosphere ")on Earth as an example.The first stage:On the basis of combing a large number of documents,the research background,research significance and research status of the comparative study of geography textbook structure in different periods based on ISM method are expounded,and the purpose,content and method of the research are determined.The second stage:This paper defines the concepts of teaching material,teaching material structure and structural model,and expounds in detail the four theoretical bases studied in this paper,including Bruner's cognitive structure theory,Osobel's meaningful learning theory,comparative education theory and teaching materials theory.The third stage:put forward the basis of the eonstruction of the eomparative model of geography textbook structure based on ISM method,including theoretical basis and practical basis,and explained the related construction principles,namely the operational principle,the systematic principle,the geographical principle and the comparative principle.On the basis of the systematic principle and the comparative principle,this paper constructs the core tools of this study,and defines its related links.The fourth stage:eombining the basis of compiling teaehing material,namely geography curriculum standard,this paper analyzes the textbook structure of four edition textbooks respectively by using ISM,and obtains the final teaching material structure model,which lays the foundation for the comparative study of the fifth stage.The fifth stage:according to the structure model of the teaching material,this paper makes a comparative study from four aspects:the selection of the core elements,the arrangement of the initial elements and the node elements,and the formation relationship of the elements,and draws the relevant conclusions.The sixth stage:put forward the main research conclusions,related suggestions,the shortcomings of the study and prospects.