Research On Special Physical Fitness Characteristics And Training Of Male Orientees In JiangSu Province

With the development of Orienteering in China,the impact of special physical quality on the performance of Orienteering is more obvious,and it has received more and more attention.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the characteristics of athletes' special physical fitness and their training.In this paper,the male athletes in colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province are the subjects,and their physical quality indicators such as “30 meters,100 meters,400 meters,2000 meters,5,000 meters,4×10 folds,standing long jump,1 minute skipping” The test was carried out,and the eight indicators were systematically analyzed by mathematical statistics method.The special physical fitness characteristics of the orienteering athletes were explored,which provided reference for the selection of athletes and their training in colleges and universities.The main conclusions were obtained:(1)The male lower limbs in colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province are the main body morphological features,and have the characteristics of low body fat percentage and large fat loss.With the improvement of the competition level of the participating groups,the athletes of different groups have increased the length of the lower limbs and the weight of the fat-removing body,and the percentage of body fat decreased significantly,but on the indicators of height,weight,waist circumference,hip circumference and Quetelet index.There is no significant difference,and the correlation of each indicator is low.(2)According to the characteristics of different levels of athletes' physical quality indicators,compared with the general group of oriented athletes,the excellent group oriented athletes' ability in speed quality and endurance quality is more prominent.From the analysis of the physical quality indicators of the athletes of different participating groups,they showed significant characteristics in the special speed,special endurance,special strength and special sensitive coordination ability indicators,and all the indicators showed that they competed with the participating groups.The ability to increase and then increase.(3)There is a strong correlation between the different physical fitness test indicators of the orienteering athletes.Through the factor analysis method,four different levels of factor units are obtained,and the factor contribution after the rotation matrix is divided into 31%,30%,15 %,14%.According to the competitive characteristics of different targeted items,the specific special physical qualityindicators are selected from the factors.The representative indexes of the 100-meter orientation and the short-distance orientation factor are similar,namely: 100 m,30 m,standing long jump,2000 m;the representative indices of the medium distance orientation and the long distance orientation factor are similar,respectively: 5000 meters,400 meters,standing long jump,2000 meters.(4)The weighted scores of physical quality indicators of different orientation items have strong correlation with sports performances.Both of them show that the higher the weight score of physical quality indicators,the better the directional scores.The physical fitness training system of college athletes in Jiangsu Province is mainly based on the development of speed quality and endurance quality training.Athletes with 100-meter orientation and short-distance orientation should focus on cultivating speed quality;medium-distance oriented and long-distance oriented athletes should focus on cultivating endurance quality;at the same time,it is necessary to take into account the development of other physical qualities.