Research On The Motivation Of Performance Pay Policy For Teachers In Compulsory Education

The promotion of teachers' status and treatment is the key content of "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Teachers' Team Construction in the New Era in an All-round Way".Guaranteeing the welfare benefits of rural teachers and giving priority to the development of rural education are the important deployment of the strategy of rural revitalization.Guaranteeing teachers' income level and establishing teacher incentive mechanism are also the original intention of implementing the performance pay policy in compulsory education schools.Past studies on performance pay system in compulsory education mostly focus on the motivation problem in the study of the implementation status and problems,and lack of specialized and national empirical research on the motivation effect and its influencing factors,and rural teachers' performance incentive.This study expands the sampling area,focusing on exploring the motivation effect of performance pay policy on teachers in compulsory education schools,possible influencing factors and rural teachers' performance incentives.Based on the economic development level of different regions announced by the National Statistical Bureau,this study conducted a survey of urban and rural schools in nine provinces in eastern,central and western China.Collecting 11392 valid questionnaires,conducting 62 groups of interviews,collecting 33 schools of teachers' performance appraisal programs or performance appraisal indicators and other textual data.The results of the survey are sorted out,and t-test,variance analysis and other statistical tests are carried out.It is concluded that:(1)the motivation effect of compulsory education performance pay policy on teachers is moderately low(average 2.61);(2)teachers' performance appraisal: teachers' participation in the formulation of programs,setting up team performance appraisal,taking "students' performance improvement" as the appraisal method,the scheme is in line with the school development goals,teachers' recognition of the proportion of rewarding performance allocation,and teachers' satisfaction with performance appraisal,the motivation effect is better;(3)teachers' salary: there is no significant difference in the motivation effect of different salary levels,and the motivation effect is better when the salary income matches the work pay,the salary income gap between civil servants and teachers is small,and the incentive performance income gap is small;(4)teachers' personal factors: female teachers,young teachers,teachers with low professional titles,primary school teachers' incentive effect is better than male teachers,older teachers,teachers with higher professional titles,junior middle school teachers respectively,and the teacher's incentive effect with "salary increase" as the best incentive factor is better than that of other teachers;(5)the incentive effect of rural teachers is better than that of urban teachers.By triangulating the results of the questionnaire,interviews and textual data,and analyzing the motivation theory of organizational behavior,it is found that the current performance pay policy of compulsory education in China is "more constrained and less motivated",and the performance incentive system "more you and less me" is better than "more work and more gain";the performance appraisal is not scientific enough,the attractiveness of performance pay is insufficient,and the lack of fairness in performance distribution,all these hinder the incentive function of performance pay;the response of performance pay policy to different gender,age,professional title,school segment and value orientation is insufficient,which results in different incentive effects,and some teachers are in a weak incentive position;the performance of performance appraisal and salary of rural schools is better than that of urban schools,which promotes the motivation effect of rural teachers to be better than that of urban teachers.On the basis of investigation and analysis,this study puts forward suggestions to improve the motivation effect of the performance pay policy in compulsory education from three aspects: school practice,administration and rural performance incentive supplement and improvement.It suggests that schools clarify incentive criteria, improve the scientific nature of performance accounting model,and release the incentive potential of performance pay;specific assessment contents and assessment indicators should focus on teachers' participation,enhance fairness and incentive;and at the same time,enhance the concern for the performance vulnerable groups.Educational authorities and relevant departments should coordinate to gradually improve the total amount of performance pay;macro-control to ensure fair performance appraisal;and performance incentives should be cautious to widen the gap.We should grasp the special problems in the countryside,break through the key points in a targeted way,and let the performance pay policy help the rural revitalization.