Research On Design-Based Learning In The Domain Of Technology And Engineering In Primary School Science

With the development of science and technology,rapid changes have taken place in all aspects of society.In the new era,the demand for talents has gradually increased.School education has gradually attached importance to the cultivation of students' advanced abilities,especially creativity and problem-solving ability,which has become an important goal of school education.Primary school science is a subject mainly based on inquiry.In 2017,the Ministry of Education issued the Standards for Science Curriculum in Compulsory Education Primary School,which has made a new plan for science curriculum in primary school and added teaching contents in the field of technology and engineering.Therefore,facing the new content,how to carry out effective teaching,improve the inquiry of scientific teaching,and cultivate high-quality talents in line with the requirements of the new era is an urgent problem faced by front-line teachers,and also the key content of domestic scholars' research.Design-based learning is a new inquiry-based teaching mode,which has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad in recent years by virtue of its advantages in cultivating higher-level abilities such as innovative ability and problem-solving ability.However,there are few studies on design-based learning in view of the current situation of science teaching in China.Therefore,the author tries to combine the current situation of science teaching in primary schools in our country,give full play to the advantages of design-based learning,and apply design-based learning in local practice in primary science teaching,so as to improve the inquiry of teaching,promote the cultivation of students' problem-solving ability and creativity,enrich the teaching theory of design-based learning and primary science,and provide reference case for the implementation of the new curriculum standard of science teaching reform.In order to fully understand the current situation of science teaching in primary schools,the author designed a questionnaire to investigate the current situation of science teaching in three different levels of primary schools in Baoding City.Analysis of the survey data showsthat primary school students have a strong interest in science lessons,especially in hands-on activities,showing a high enthusiasm,but in actual teaching,teachers often use the method of teaching by operating steps,students have fewer opportunities to do it,lack of initiative and creativity.Next,the author analyses the characteristics of technology and engineering content and its relevance to design-based learning,so as to ensure the feasibility of design-based learning in elementary science teaching.On the premise of following the primary school science curriculum standard,considering the characteristics of students' physical and mental development,the practicability of the model and the applicability of the model to the environment and content,this paper constructs a design-based learning model by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing design-based learning models,combining with the previous practice survey results and the theoretical basis of "learning by doing" and constructivism learning theory.The model includes five main links: publishing tasks,analyzing problems,forming schemes,practice and guidance,sharing and evaluation.In order to meet the characteristics of teaching inquiry and content in the field of technology and engineering,two auxiliary links,problem bracket and revision,are also set up.After that,in order to verify the validity of the designed model,the author selected two parallel classes in the sixth grade of a primary school for teaching experiment.After a period of teaching,the teaching results of the design-based learning model were validated by questionnaires,test questions and student interviews.The results show that the design-based learning model has certain effects on the cultivation of students' creativity and problem-solving ability.