| The Gray School experiment was a school experiment initiated by Wirt at the beginning of the last century in Gray.It consists of a number of schools that initially used the Gray school system in the nine schools in Gray city,combined with later in other states,with the aim of strengthening the school's connection with society and building the school into a rudimentary society for children to develop their natural interests and abilities.There are many kinds of school experiments in the period of American Progressive Era,but in many school experiments,Gray school has attracted much attention because of the use of the concept of school socialization to guide the experiment,especially its achievements and contributions to the subsequent development of American education have been praised by all parties,and after that,The Gray school system has been imitated and respected by various countries in the world.Although in the Republic of China,the relevant scholars have studied the experiment,but because the basic national conditions at that time and this school system is difficult to match,so this research has not been a large-scale development in the country,now with the domestic academic research on the history of American education more and more in-depth,Gray school experiment has finally returned to the perspective of domestic scholarsHowever,there is still less research on Gray system,so the in-depth study of Gray system can enrich the domestic research on American educational history,but also can use Gray experiment to provide reference for China's educational reform,especially the socialization of education.This study is divided into four parts.The first part analyzes the background of the rise of Gray school experiment,and then discusses the development of the concept of school socialization and why Gray school experiment should adopt this theory.The concept of school socialization stems from Dewey,which emphasizes the establishment of schools into a rudimentary society where children's interests and efforts can be fully developed,while also emphasizing the strengthening of school and social ties.Subject to the development of the industrial and commercial society;the influence of the progressive movement;Gray's own appeal to the reform of basic education is the reason why Gray school uses the theory of school socialization to guide the school experiment.The second part focuses on the analysis of how the theory guides the Gray School experiment,which can cause those aspects of the impact.Under the guidance of the concept of school socialization,Grey Experimental school is different from the general public schools in the United States in terms of teaching purpose,organizational form,teaching organization form,curriculum setting and management mode,and almost every link is set up to strengthen the connection with the society and meet the natural development of children,in order to build the school into a rudimentary society.The third part delves into the reasons of the abolition of Gray school experiment and the end of school socialization,in order to explain the significance of school socialization,including its impact on the subsequent education reform in the United States.Although the Gray school experiment was finally abolished because of subjective,objective and other reasons,but its achievements and the attempt of socialization are still affirmed by many educators,in addition to the process of school socialization from theory to practice also proves that an educational theory can guide the march of an educational practice,And also on the United States to follow the vocational education,industrial education and other hard to make an indelible contribution.The fourth part,through the summary of the concept of socialization in Gray school experiment,provides reference for the socialization of education in the stage of basic education reform in China,especially the connotation of educational socialization and how to deal with examination-oriented education. |
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