The Influence Of Policy Changes In The Household Registration System On Non-agricultural Employment Of Rural Labor Forces

The non-agricultural employment of rural labor force is a research issue which have great concern to scholars both at home and abroad.Since the reform and opening up policy had been used,large-scale rural laborers have moved from villages to towns and cities,from agriculture to industry and service industries.The migration of rural labor force and non-agricultural employment not only slowed the expansion of urban-rural income gap,but also promoted China's economic growth.However,in the current research on rural labor nonagricultural employment,there are few quantitative methods have been used to investigate the impact of the household registration system policy on non-agricultural employment of rural laborers.Based on this situation,the research goal of this paper is to explore the impact of policy changes in China's household registration system on non-farm employment in rural labor,and to provide policy recommendations for promoting non-farm employment in rural labor.In order to achieve the purpose of this research,this article research the following aspects of the study:(1)summarize and summarize the development history of China's household registration system policy experience,and sort out the differences between regions.(2)Empirically analyze the impact of policy changes in the household registration system on non-agricultural employment of rural laborers.(3)Empirical analysis of the influence of changes in household registration system policy on the selection of non-agricultural employment locations.In order to complete the above research objectives and research contents,this paper is based on three rounds of follow-up research data which using stratified random sampling method in six provinces in 2000,2009 and 2013 from China Agricultural Policy Research Center(CCAP).And combined with changes in the household registration system policy,this article use of econometric models for quantitative analysis.The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1.As a whole,China's household registration system policy has undergone four stages: “control flow”,“standardized flow”,“advancing reform”,and “completely liberalizing”;Looking at the reform of the household registration system in the eastern region took an earlier period,and the pace of relaxation in the province was faster.The household registration system policies in the central and western regions were more likely to encourage labor to work across provinces.2.After selecting the household registration system policies represented by temporary residence permits,residence permits and settlement policies of small and medium-sized cities,this article classifies them into three categories according to the degree of relaxation of the household registration system.The results show that: The six provinces surveyed were implemented first in 1989.The household registration system policy,but the second type of household registration system policy in each province's implementation status and implementation time is very different,while the implementation of the third type of household registration system policy in the eastern and central regions have a better situation than in the west.3.From 1989 to 2013,the proportion of non-agricultural employment in the six provinces continued to increase,reaching 61% in 2013,of which non-agricultural employment accounted for 41%.Based on the empirical research of the econometric model,the following main conclusions are drawn:(1)The relaxation of the household registration system policy has a significant positive impact on non-agricultural employment of rural laborers.From the perspective of provincial policies,relative to the household registration policy I,the implementation of the household registration system policy II and the household registration system policy III,the probability of non-agricultural employment of rural laborers can be increased by 9.3% and 9.7% respectively;from the perspective of foreign policy,relative to household registration The formulation of policies I,the implementation of the household registration system policy II and the household registration system policy III can respectively increase the probability of non-agricultural employment of rural labor by 22% and 14%.(2)In terms of different types of employment,the proportion of the rural labor part-time non-agricultural and full-time non-farm ratios increased by 5.3% and 4.7%,respectively,from the first type of relaxation to the second and third categories of household registration policies;The second type of household registration system policy has a greater impact on part-time non-agricultural employment.The third type of household registration system policy has a greater impact on full-time non-agricultural employment.(3)The reform of the household registration system policy has a significant impact on the selection of rural labor force nonagricultural employment areas.On the whole,with the continuous relaxation of the household registration system policy,the probability of rural labor transferring from nonagricultural to non-agricultural employment in the province has increased.However,compared with full-time workers in the province,the probability of full-duty workers across provinces is not obvious.Increase.From a regional point of view,the relaxation of the province's household registration system policy has the greatest positive impact on the province's full-time non-agricultural employment,enabling at least 6.7% of the rural labor force to participate in full-time non-farm employment in the province.Provincial foreign policy III has the greatest positive impact on interprovincial full-time non-agricultural employment,which can increase the proportion of rural laborers participating in interprovincial full-time non-farm employment by 17.9%.(4)Other individual characteristics will also significantly affect non-agricultural employment of rural laborers.Based on the above findings,from the perspective of promoting non-farm employment in rural labor,the following policy recommendations are proposed in this paper: First,the state should continue to liberalize restrictions on rural labor mobility,employment,and settlement in the policy of the household registration system,and create non-agricultural employment for rural labor.A relaxed and free environment will further increase the nonagricultural employment rate of rural laborers.Secondly,the reform of the household registration system policies of all provinces must be based on the general trend of the country's reforms and must be combined with the specific circumstances of each province.The eastern region can further relax the restrictions on foreign rural labor force.The central and western regions should activate the provincial job market and increase the proportion of non-agricultural employment of rural laborers in the province.Finally,we should continue to increase the government's support in the compulsory education of rural labor,and we can also carry out targeted vocational training to increase its accumulation of human capital and thus promote non-agricultural employment.Particular attention should be paid to human capital investment in the female labor force in rural areas to ensure their right to participate in non-agricultural employment in a fair manner and to promote women's participation in non-agricultural employment.