The Impact Of Trade Openness On The Inflow Of Floating Population In China

Since China's successful accession to the WTO in December 2001,China's trade openness has been continuously deepening and the scale of foreign trade has been continuously growing.As a big country of foreign trade,China's trade openness has an important impact on China's economic and social development.Population migration is an important force to promote China's industrialization and urbanization,so research on the relationship between trade openness and the inflow of floating population is a point of practical significance that deserves attention.In recent years,some regions are faced with the obvious phenomenon that floating population returning or spreading to surrounding cities.First of all,this paper finds that trade openness has a differentiated impact on the inflow of floating population in China between different cities.Center cities will promote the outflow of floating population under the influence of trade openness,while trade openness will promote the inflow of floating population into”satellite cities"around central cities or other non-center cities.With the improvement of trade openness,if the population has been excessively concentrated in the central city,there will be resource competition,enterprise relocation,rising cost of living and then crowding out the floating population.If it is a neighboring city,it will take over the transferred enterprises and provide employment.Also,with the abundance of market products,lower consumer prices and living costs will attract the inflow of floating population.This paper further discusses the impact of trade openness on the inflow of floating population to different cities in China under the transmission mechanism of city size,job opportunities and living costs.This paper uses 2006-2014 the foreign trade dependence and China customs data and services FDI openness respectively to construct the measurement of trade openness and transient population data,including 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)of a total of 280 cities to measure floating population.This paper uses fixed effect panel model,and studies the impact on China's floating population inflows.First of all,the empirical results show that relative to non-center cities,there is a negative correlation relationship between the migration rate of the floating population between the trade openness in the center cities.That is to say,trade openness plays a negative role in promoting the migration of floating population into center cities,this conclusion is robust after changing regression samples,replacing estimation models,adding the instrumental variables and considering the individual choice of the floating population.Secondly,the paper analyzes the differential impact of trade openness on the inflow of floating population in different types of cities under the transmission mechanism of changing the city size,job opportunities and living costs.Finally,the samples are divided into eastern,central and western cities for heterogeneity analysis.Finally,combined with empirical conclusions,this paper further puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on how to adjust the trade openness policy so as to realize the balanced distribution of floating population.