Research On The Mechanism Of The Intergenerational Mobility Of Education In China

With the rapid development of China's economy,the living standards of residents have further improved,but problems such as the solidification of social classes and the widening of income gap have become more prominent,which has aroused people's concern about intergenerational social mobility.At present,in the study of intergenerational income,education is only included in the model as an important factor affecting income,so the separate study of education is particularly important.Education is the foundation of the country and the foundation of a powerful country,it's also an important way for individuals to improve their quality of life.The intergenerational flow of education embodies the fairness and the the level of upward mobility reflects the quality of education to a certain extent.Studying the mechanism of intergenerational mobility in China helps the government adopt reasonable policies to further improve the upward mobility so as to optimize fairness and the quality of education in China,thus promotes the balanced development of China's economy.Firstly,this paper analyzes the current situation of intergenerational education mobility in China through the intergenerational education mobility matrix,and draws the following conclusions:First,the direction of intergenerational mobility of education in China is upward,that is,the offspring are more likely to reach higher education levels than their parents.Second,the educational level of the offspring is no more than two levels away from the level of education of the parents.Third,there are differences in the intergenerational mobility of education between different registrations,regions and genders in China.Then,this paper conducts empirical analysis from Probit regression analysis and mediation effect analysis.Probit regression analysis is mainly used to observe the intergenerational upward mobility of education in China,that is,the level of education of the parents can improved the probability of children to obtain the undergraduate and above education level.And the analysis of mediating effect is to further explore the mechanism of the factors affecting the intergenerational upward mobility of education in China.According to the Probit regression analysis,compared with the illiteracy,the improvement of the education level of the fathers can significantly increase the possibility that the offspring will reach the undergraduate and above education level.The extent to which the education level of the parents affects the probability of the offspring to obtain the education level of undergraduate and above is different between household registrations,regions and genders.In addition,the father's party membership has a significant positive impact on improving the probability of the offspring to reach the undergraduate and above education level.In order to further study the mechanism that affects the upward mobility of intergenerational education,this paper constructs a mediation effect analysis model,and uses the China Comprehensive Social Survey 2013 survey data to study the mediation effect of family capital and self-educational expectation.The results obtained by the mediation effect analysis model show that:1.After controlling the influence of factors such as the age of the offspring,the political status of the father,the gender of the offspring and the region,the family capital and self-educational expectation have a significant mediation effect on the educational mobility,that the higher the level of education of the parents,the more likely the offspring will reach undergraduate and above education.2.Urban compared with rural areas,self-education expectations have a more significant mediation effect on the educational mobility,that the higher the level of education of the fathers,the more likely the offspring will reach undergraduate and above education.,while the mediation effect of family capital less.However,for the intergenerational mobility between mothers and offspring,both self-education expectations and family capital play a greater role in urban areas.3.After controlling the influence of factors such as the age of the offspring,the political status of the father,the gender of the offspring and the household registration type,in the central and western regions,both the educational expectation and the family capital have a significant mediation effect on the educational mobility,that the higher the level of education of the parents,the more likely the offspring will reach undergraduate and above education,while the eastern region,only the family capital has a significant mediation effect.4.After controlling the influence of the age of the offspring,the political status of the father,the household registration type and the region,the family capital has a significant mediation effect on the educational mobility between parents and sons.And the self-education expectations have a significant mediation effect on the educational mobility between parents and daughters.Finally,this paper combines the above conclusions to propose reasonable suggestions from two aspects:increasing China's upward mobility of education and narrowing the difference in mobility between different household registrations,regions and genders.