Research On Understanding By Design Of Junior High School Physics

With the changing of new requirements for talents in the 21 st century in China,teaching needs to fully implement the concept of basic education curriculum concept,cultivate students' discipline core accomplishment,give play to students' subjectivity in the teaching process,improve the effectiveness of teaching,and achieve the consistency of teaching,learning and evaluation.Understanding by design is a new mode of teaching design that is evaluated first,and is compatible with the current concept of talent training in China.The use of understanding by design for junior middle school physics teaching is conducive to the implementation of the cultivation of junior middle school students' physical literacy.Based on the cognitive learning theory,the constructivist learning theory,the goal classification theory,the theory of understanding education and the theory of the latest development zone,combined with the operation procedure of the understanding by design,this paper carries out the understanding by design and Practice on the unit of "Change of State" in the eighth grade.This paper first uses the literature research method,defines the concept of instructional design and understanding by design based on the analysis of the literature on theory and practice of understanding by design at home and abroad,and analyzes the characteristics of understanding by design.Secondly,this paper sorts out the operating procedures of understanding by design,namely determining the expected result,determining the evaluation evidence,and designing the learning experience.After mastering the core concepts of junior high school physics,this paper sorted out the content priorities in "Change of State",clarified the degree that students should master for different knowledge,and deeply excavates five unit big ideas based on core concepts and unit content,so as to get the unit knowledge framework and the knowledge and skills that students need to master behind the specific knowledge.After that,using the strategy of targetdecomposition,the paper enumerates a process of target decomposition,and simply expounds the design of basic problems.In terms of evaluating evidence,it mainly introduces the specific meaning of understanding the six sides,and shows the design ideas of performance tasks in detail.Finally,it introduces the meaning of WHERETO elements,so as to encode the teaching process later.Thirdly,according to the above operating procedures,the unit understanding by design of "Change of State" is aimed at guiding students to understand the big ideas and apply them to life.The first is to elaborate on the design of unit learning objectives in detail,to clarify the physical core literacy to which the unit objectives are directed.After that,the paper introduces the design intention of different evaluation evidences,and uses WHERETO elements to code the learning process,to clarify the purpose of each teaching activity.Then the unit design is divided into four class design and implemented.The design of the lesson mainly includes seven parts.First,it analyzes the teaching materials and students' situation,and then,combined with the chapter content,it subdivides the unit learning goal into the class teaching goal,and elaborates the evaluation evidence and methods that point to the six facet of explanation,interpretation,application,perspective,empathy and self-knowledge.After analyzing the key and difficult points of teaching and the required teaching media,the teaching process is designed.After each group of teaching activities,necessary instructions are provided,and the whole evaluation process is introduced.Finally,in the process of implementation,the observation method is used to summarize and analyze the performance of students in class and after class and the completion of performance tasks.After the practice is over,we through interview teachers to know teachers' understanding of understanding by design,and modify and supplement the design cases.Through the above analysis,this paper summarizes that the understanding by design can help teachers to implement and cultivate the core quality of students' physics discipline consciously with well founded,which is of great value to the implementation of students' core literacy,and it is conducive to the transfer of teachers' work thinking to students.Understanding by design has a more clear and scientific learning goal,its performance tasks can also helpstudents improve the subject knowledge system,and cultivate students' comprehensive ability to use knowledge to a certain extent.But at the same time,it also found that there are some problems such as heavy workload of teachers,higher requirements for teachers' own quality and so on in the process of implementation.Hope that the above conclusions can provide teaching reference for junior physics teachers.