| ObjectiveAs an important source of competitive sports talent reserve and transmission,scientific sports training monitoring and sports program development are important guarantees to improve their athletic performance.Therefore,the study used questionnaire method to determine the research object,the use of ultrasonic cardiograph to aerobic training,anaerobic training,aerobic joint aerobic training-based professional athletes to carry out cardiac morphology and functional testing,and analysis of the test results,the test results are aimed at professional athletes and non-training experience,different training background of professional athletes between the heart shape and function of comparative research,for scientific sports training monitoring implementation,different training methods and stages of training program.Athletes' material selection and prevention of sudden cardiac death in sports provide theoretical and experimental basis.MethodsIn this study,80 professional athletes and ordinary college students were studied.Among them,20 non-sports college students from Henan University(10 males,ages 22.14±1.86 years old;10 female,ages 20.60±1.14 years old)20 professional athletes of Henan Province Marathon Team(10 males,ages 18.70±2.05 years old,10 female,ages 18.60±3.47 years old,Henan University sports training professional national level 2 and above 40 athletes(20 men and women each).After using questionnaire to understand the subject's exercise training background,80 subjects were divided into 8 groups,male: control group(C-M group),aerobic training group(A-M group),aerobic training group(R-M group),aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group);female: control group(C-F group),aerobic training group(A-F group),aerobic training group(R-F group),combined training(M-M group).The specific grouping criteria are as follows:(1)Control group: irregular exercise training experience and exercise habits of ordinary college students.(2)Aerobic training group: the main training content of this group of subjects in the metabolic process to continue oxygen participation,the use of sugar,fat and protein for aerobic oxidation mainly,the subjects engaged in the project: marathon;(3)Anaerobic training group: the main training content of this group of subjects to energy metabolism process muscles in the absence of continuous oxygen supply conditions to work,to phosphate and sugar enzyme supply mainly,subjects engaged in projects including: 100 meters,200 meters,lead ball,short distance swimming,high jump,long jump;(4)Aerobic joint anaerobic training group: the group members of the exercise training energy metabolism process will be oxygen metabolism and anaerobic metabolism training combined,subjects engaged in projects including,table tennis,high level basketball,high-level football,loose play,400 meters;By using Philips four-dimensional color ultrasound cardiogram in Huaihe Hospital of Henan University,the probe ultrasonic frequency is 2.5MHz and 3.5MHz,the scanner speed is 50-100cm/s,and the heart morphological structure,myocardial contraction ability and heart pump blood function-related indicators are detected under The M-mode conditions.The experimental data results were indicated by the use of the average number of standard deviation(X±S),the intergroup comparison using single-factor variance analysis(ANOVA),the significant difference between the experimental group and the control group using SNK method,P<0.05,indicating a significant difference;P<0.01 indicating a very significant difference.Results1.In terms of heart morphology of male subjects,compared with the control group(C-M group),aerobic training group(A-M group),anaerobic training group(R-M group)and aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)have significantly increased the thickness of left ventricle interval,left ventricle upper and lower diameter,left ventricle wall thickness,right ventricle pre-diameter index,and have significant differences(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01),compared to the aerobic training group(A-M group),the left ventricle interval thickness of the anaerobic training group(R-M group)was 10.8±0.43 mm(P<0.01),and the end-of-left ventricle end diameter of the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)was 53.2±0.82 mm(P<0.01,).2.In terms of heart function of male athletes,the quiet heart rate(HR)of the aerobic training group(A-M group),the aerobic training group(R-M group)and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)were significantly reduced compared to the control group(C-M group)and had very significant differences(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01),Aerobic Training Group(A-M group)CO of 3.77±0.64 L/min(P<0.01,)and COI at 2.12±0.08 L/min·m2(P<0.01)was significantly reduced,and the anaerobic training group(R-M group)and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)SV were 72.5±3.51 ml(P<0.01,)and 84.0±15.04 ml,respectively.5.04 m L(P<0.01,),SVI is 37.37±1.43 ml/m2(P<0.01,)and 42.84±4.35 m L/m2(P<0.01),respectively,a significant increase.Compared with the aerobic training group(A-M group),the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)SV,CO,SVI,COI were significantly increased,and had a very significant difference(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01).3.In terms of heart morphology of female subjects,the left ventricular ventricular interval thickness and left ventricular ventricle after the aerobic training group(A-M group),the anaerobic training group(R-M group)and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)compared to the control group(C-M group)Wall thickness and left ventricular shrinkage end-diameter indicators are significantly increased,and have very significant differences(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01);-M group)left atrium left and right diameter of 34.9 to 1.90mm(P<0.01),left atrium upper and lower diameter of 42.5±1.16mm(P<0.01),aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M Group)had a left and right diameter of 33.4±1.07mm(P<0.01)and a left atrium upper and lower diameter of 43.8±1.52mm(P<0.01),all significantly increased and had a very significant difference.4.In terms of heart function of female athletes,the quiet SV in the aerobic training group(A-M group),the anaerobic training group(R-M group)and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)were significantly increased compared to the control group(C-M group),and With very significant differences(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01),quiet heart rate significantly reduced and with very significant differences(P<0.01,P<0.01,P<0.01)The aerobic training group(A-M group)SVI was 37.93±1.34 m L/m2(P<0.01),and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)SVI is 37.11 4.20 m L/m2(P<0.01,)was significantly increased,and the aerobic joint anaerobic training group(M-M group)EF was 67.50±3.84(P<0.01),significantly higher than in the control group.Another training group had CO of 3.52±0.21 L/min(P<0.01),SVI of 33.45±1.22 m L/m2(P<0.01),and COI of 2.17±0.52 L min/m2(P<0.01)significantly lower than the aerobic joint anaerobic training group.Conclusions1.Aerobic training,anaerobic training and aerobic joint anaerobic training can cause the heart to appear in varying degrees of the left ventricle,left ventricular heart muscle thickness phenomenon.Aerobic training-based athletes with cardiac ventricular cavity enlargement as a characteristic change,anaerobic training-based athletes with heart muscle thickness as the main characteristic change,and joint training in the cause of the increase of the athlete's heart cavity accompanied by thickening of the heart muscle,and more obvious than the other two training methods.2.Athletes with professional sports training background quiet heart rate decreased significantly,with heart "energy saving" performance,aerobic joint anaerobic training method can significantly improve the left ventricle contraction function,while the aerobic group and anaerobic group athletes no significant change in functional characteristics.3.As a clinical medical testing method to fully understand the structure and function of the heart,it is extremely necessary for the simultaneous monitoring of the physiological pathology of the athlete's heart in sports medicine and sport training monitoring,and plays an extremely important role in the development of sports programs and the prevention of sudden cardiac death of sports. |
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