The Relationship Between Physical Activity And Executive Function And Impulsive Behavior In Overweight And Obese Children

Most of the survey results in recent years show that the proportion of obesity and overweight among adolescents and children in China is on the rise.In September2011,the National Physical Fitness Monitoring Results for 2010 jointly released by the State General Administration of Sports and the Ministry of Education and other departments showed that the overweight detection rates for urban boys,urban girls,rural boys and rural girls aged 7-22 were 14.81%,9.92%,10.79% and 8.03%respectively,and the obesity detection rates were 13.33%,5.64%,7.83% and 3.78%respectively.Previous studies have proved that overweight and obese individuals are more likely to show impulsive behavior.Impulsive behavior is a kind of unplanned and risky behavior.It is a multidimensional and multi-component personality structure and is the decisive factor of obesity.The executors of impulsive acts do not pay attention to the consequences caused by such acts.A large number of studies have shown that overweight and obese people have difficulty in inhibiting reactions and gain weight faster than normal weight groups.A large number of studies show that the executive function of overweight and obese population is worse than that of normal population,and the executive function is closely related to body weight and sports.Methods: a total of 233 overweight and obese pupils from grades 4 to 5 in Jingzhou City and Yueyang City,Hunan Province were investigated by questionnaire and E-prime 2.0 software test,including 131 boys and 102 girls,144students in the fourth grade and 89 in the fifth grade.The executive function of students was measured by E-prime software,Barratt questionnaires were issued to understand students' impulsiveness,and physical activity questionnaires were issued to understand students' participation in sports within a week.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to describe the survey data,multivariate analysis of variance and linear regression equation to explore the relationship between physical activity and executive function and impulsive behavior of overweight and obese children.Results:(1)Gender has no statistical significance on static total time,static total energy consumption,dynamic total time and dynamic total energy consumption(P>0.05).The main effect of grade on total dynamic time was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The main effects of grade on total static time,total static energy consumption and total dynamic energy consumption were statistically significant(p<0.05).The interaction between gender and grade on static total time was statistically significant(p<0.05).(2)The main effects of sex and grade on the executive function,refresh function and switching function of overweight and obese primary school students were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The interaction between gender and grade on the conversion function of executive function was statistically significant(P<0.05).(3)there is a significant correlation between dynamic totalenergy consumption and static total energy consumption in physical activity(R=0.387,p< 0.01);It has significant correlation with refresh function and conversion function in sub-functions of executive function,of which it has significant negative correlation with refresh function(R=-0.134,P<0.05)and significant positive correlation with conversion function(R=0.175,p<0.01);There were significant positive correlations with cognition,unplanned impulse factors and total impulse scores(R=0.272,0.272,0.330,P<0.01).The static total energy consumption has significant correlation with executive function,and has significant positive correlation with inhibition and conversion function(R=0.148,p<0.05;R=0.236,P<0.01);There was a significant negative correlation with refresh function(R=-0.152,p<0.05);There is a significant positive correlation with cognitive and unplanned impulse factors and total impulse score.Refreshing function has significant negative correlation with overall impulsive behavior(R=-0.137,P<0.05),and switching function has significant positive correlation with unplanned impulsive factor and overall impulsive total score(R=0.150,0.150,P<0.05).Conclusions:(1)there are no significant differences in physical activity level,executive function and impulsive behavior between boys and girls in overweight and obese children.(2)the static total time,static total energy consumption and dynamic total energy consumption of the overweight and obese students in the fifth grade were significantly higher than those in the fourth grade,and gender played a regulating role in the static total time.The executive function of the overweight and obese students in the fourth and fifth grades has no significant difference,but the conversion function will change with gender;the overall impulsive behavior level of the overweight and obese students in the fifth grade is significantly higher than that in the fourth grade.(3)with the increase of physical activity,the cognition,unplanned impulse and overall impulsive behavior of overweight and obese children will also increase,in which the increase of dynamic total energy consumption will improve the refresh function,while the conversion function will decrease.With the increase of static total energy consumption,the refresh function will be improved,while the inhibition and conversion function will be reduced.(4)Executive function plays an intermediary role in the effect of physical activity on impulsive behavior in overweight and obese children,in which the intermediary effect value of refresh function is 5.5%,and the intermediary effect value of switching function is 7.7%.Impulsive behavior decreases with the improvement.